分类： zudao

The following article comes from Reading the City Studio, written by Li Hang.

Reading the City Studio.

Give me three minutes to show you the city.

Marathon became a part of the city symbol.

如果说，今年夏天人们问得最多的问题是：你抢到演唱会门票了吗？那么到了秋天，这个问题变成了：你报名马拉松了吗？

12月10日，2023广州马拉松赛即将鸣枪起跑。在报名阶段，24小时内报名人数就突破了10万。报名截止时，共有140846名跑者报名了今年的广马，刷新了历届广马报名人数纪录。

今年以来，全国各地马拉松赛事不断涌现。

10月29日，有“国马”之称的北京马拉松开赛，3万名选手从天安门广场出发，奔向42公里之外的奥林匹克公园中心区景观大道。

全国范围内，那一天还有成都、西安等超过20场马拉松赛事举行，至少有30多万人挑战自己的体能极限。

当跑者挤在一二线城市的赛道奔跑，更多的三四线甚至不知名的小县城也开始热衷举办马拉松赛事。

据不完全统计，11月全国共有98场马拉松赛事，其中既有上海、深圳、南昌等一二线城市，也有信阳、济宁、衢州等三四线城市。

密集的马拉松赛事不只彰显了群众参与健身运动的热情，42公里赛道背后，还隐藏着一笔经济账。

马拉松回归之年

公元前490年，菲迪皮茨从马拉松平原出发，将希腊联军击败入侵波斯军队的获胜消息带到42公里之外的雅典城。

After reaching the finish line, Fidi Pitz died of exhaustion.

There are many historical records about his being good at running, but no one knows how long it took him to run for the last time in his life. But later generations began to commemorate the great messenger with a marathon-in the form of constantly refreshing records.

This project was established in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896.

In 1987, the first urban marathon was held in Boston, a famous historical and cultural city in the United States. Today, "Poma" has become a dream place for runners all over the world.

△ Boston Marathon End Source: Respondents provided

China’s running fire originated in 1981, marked by the first China International Marathon held in Beijing, in which 85 athletes from 12 countries participated. Although the number and scale were small, it quietly lit a prairie fire.

From 2010 to 2014, the number of marathon events in China increased from 13 to 53. In addition to big cities such as Beishangguang, third-and fourth-tier cities such as Liupanshui in Guizhou and Xichang in Sichuan also started to hold marathons in those years.

In 2014, the State Sports General Administration cancelled the approval of mass and commercial sports events, and marathon events began to blow out. By 2019, 1,828 large-scale events will be held nationwide, 247 more than 1,581 in 2018, which is equivalent to holding five marathons every day on average.

After that, three years after the epidemic, many races were stopped or postponed. Perhaps the secret training of runners in these three years has led to the explosion of marathon events this year.

△ Runners being trained at Guangzhou Tianhe Stadium Times Weekly Li Hang/photo

This autumn, the heat of marathon events is inversely proportional to the falling temperature.

According to incomplete statistics, on October 15th alone, 32 marathons started at the same time.

In November, there were more than 100 national marathons, most of which were held in third-and fourth-tier cities, counties and streets. There is even an article ridiculing: "There are too many marathons, and middle-aged people are not enough."

The intensive marathon events made many runners feel complicated: "I won the Shenzhen Marathon on December 3 and the Guangzhou Marathon on December 10, but the interval between the two races was too short, so I’m afraid I can’t recover." Runner Ding Ming (a pseudonym) told the Times Weekly reporter.

But what he is really anxious about is that the horse racing atmosphere in Shenzhen is not strong and he can’t enjoy the fun of horse racing in the national carnival.

This anxiety implies that the marathon competition between cities has quietly started.

City in the eyes of racers

For the 39-year-old Guangzhou runner Wang Jiali, this year is a hot year for the marathon to return, and it is also a year for him to gradually find his state.

His horse racing experience began in Guangzhou Half Horse 11 years ago. "In 2011, I participated in a 10-kilometer running activity held in Guangzhou. A year later, it coincided with the first Guangzhou Half Horse. I thought that I could finish running 10 kilometers, so I signed up for Guangzhou Half Horse with an early adopter attitude."

Since then, Wang Jiali has started a nationwide horse racing career. "Marathon, cross-country and vertical marathon are all available, and 151 races have been completed so far." Wang Jiali said.

△ Wang Jiali’s medal is filled with a wall. Source: Respondents provide

If calculated according to the length of 42 kilometers per game, Wang Jiali has now run 6342 kilometers, which is nearly 1000 kilometers longer than the two farthest cities in China, Fuyuan County in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province and Ruili City in the southwest of Yunnan Province.

In 2019, the number of events in China reached its peak, and Wang Jiali also ushered in the busiest year in his horse racing career. "In the second half of 2019, I participated in a game almost every week, and even tried a back-to-back game on Saturday and Sunday."

The 11-year horse racing career has allowed him to witness the continuous expansion of the domestic running enthusiasts.

Wang Jiali said that when the marathon was just emerging in China, the number of applicants could not reach the quota set by the project, so long as they signed up, they could participate. Nowadays, with the popularity of marathon in China, the number of participants is increasing, and most marathon registrations are converted into lottery forms.

This year, there were 30,000 places in the Beijing Marathon, which attracted 130,000 people to sign up, and the final winning rate was 23%. The winning rate of the upcoming Shanghai Marathon is only 13.7%. The success rate of the Xiamen Marathon scheduled for January next year is only 5%, which is even lower than the admission rate of graduate students.

In contrast, marathons held in non-first-tier cities often have insufficient applicants.

Ding Ming said that he successfully signed up for two marathons in Shenzhen and Guangzhou, but many runners around him didn’t sign up for a large marathon this year, so they had to participate in the marathon events at the surrounding counties, cities, districts and towns.

"But they also face a problem. If there is no proof of the completion of large-scale events, they may lose their qualification to participate in some platinum and gold medals in China next year." Ding Luo said that horse racing has evolved into a competition between cities.

△ Hong Kong Marathon Source: Provided by respondents

Take the gold medal events of Beishangguangshen and Xiamen as examples. These cities have held events for a long time, and they can also invite overseas elite players to participate at a lower price in the early days. Once these players break through a certain standard, the specifications of the events can jump.

China Association of Athletics divides domestic marathon events into three categories: A, B and C, which are roughly divided from the perspectives of track, timing, referee, replenishment and full video recording. If the competition results and bonus amount reach the standard, you can apply to IAAF for the competition level of bronze, silver, gold, platinum and diamond.

The competition behind this is the economic strength of a city and the recognition of this event.

"Although Shenzhen is a gold standard event, in the eyes of many runners, it is not very attractive. The reason why I signed up is that I am afraid that I will not sign in other events."

Cultural tourism consumption behind marathon

Since the beginning of this year, the consumption of culture and sports has shown vigorous vitality.

From September 7th to 10th, "Jay Chou Carnival World Tour Concert tianjin railway station" was held in Tianjin Olympic Center. According to official reports, the four-day concert attracted 185,000 people, and the cumulative comprehensive consumption drove more than 3 billion yuan.

For the city, the concert is not only a music feast, but also an important force to stimulate economic development. Yu Mei, the research director of the cultural tourism industry of Co-Found think tank, once said in an interview that in order to watch the concert, the audience will also carry out a series of tourism, shopping and consumption activities before and after the performance, thus promoting the development of local tourism.

At this level, the marathon has the same function as the concert.

In the short term, holding a marathon can first directly bring in a large number of migrants such as competitors, spectators and escorts, and promote a series of consumption activities such as transportation, catering and accommodation, thus forming a fixed tourism peak period and promoting the development of urban tourism industry.

Take Xiamen as an example. From 2009 to 2013, due to the holding of the international marathon, the average annual growth rate of the total number of foreign tourists in Xiamen reached 18.43%, and the tourism revenue increased from 125 million yuan to 226 million yuan.

After the Wuxi Marathon ended this year, the official data showed that the Wuxi Marathon held on March 19th generated 69.6 million yuan in catering economic benefits, 116.61 million yuan in accommodation economic benefits, 6 million yuan in transportation economic benefits, 2.09 million yuan in tourism economic benefits and 500,000 yuan in sales of event booths, totaling nearly 200 million yuan.

Many runners have also calculated a consumption account with the Times Weekly reporter.

"Take me as an example. Now I’m signing up for the marathon, except for the big events, basically to travel to a new city. Before I go, I will know the culture, history and diet of the city in advance. After the game, I will play for a few more days. On average, each race costs about 2,000 yuan. If a marathon can attract 30,000 people, an event can at least make a city earn about 60 million. " Wang Jiali said.

△ There are more and more runners. Source: Respondents provide

In addition, the sponsors’ investment and registration fees generated by the event itself are also an important part of the marathon economy. According to the staff of a sports brand, the sponsorship fee for marathon in first-tier cities can reach 10 million.

In the long run, marathon events can play a very good role in promoting the tourism brand of the host city, as well as shaping the city image and culture.

"When a city runs a marathon, it will choose a very representative road as the track, which is a kind of publicity for the city’s culture and characteristics. For the players, it is also a very happy thing that the roads that are usually busy are now closed for the players to compete. " Wang Jiali said.

Ding Ming, a running friend, also believes that the marathon is a good opportunity to promote the city. Through the line facilities, not only can more athletes fall in love with a city, but also the city tourism brand can be gradually started through word-of-mouth effect.

△ Macau Marathon Source: Provided by respondents

For small cities that can’t compete for the level of events, it is extremely important to use marathons to enhance the image of the city. For example, the "Yellow River Estuary International Marathon" held in Dongying, a fourth-tier town, has become the highlight of the city. Zhaoqing, Guangdong, also named the marathon as a local specialty of Deqing Gonggan, and there is no doubt that the characteristic of Shunde Marathon is food.

However, due to the large scale of marathon events, compared with music festivals, there are special requirements for venues and road conditions, and many places are actually not particularly suitable for hosting marathon events.

"For example, the reception capacity of some cities is not enough, and thousands of people are pouring in at once, and the basic facilities such as accommodation and transportation can’t keep up. The contestants have a poor sense of experience, or local residents don’t understand the marathon, and feel that the road closure of the event has affected their daily lives. It is not friendly enough for marathon runners, but it will be counterproductive." Ding Wei said.

For the city, this is not a simple competition, but an important opportunity to speak for the city and stimulate local industries and economy. The marathon in each city may become a part of the city symbol after development.

Author | Li Hang

Editor | Li Guang

Layout | Li Hang

Original title: "Urban War Behind Marathon"

Read the original text

　　　　As of April, 2014, Internet China has been 20 years, and Internet cafes have witnessed the development of the Internet in China. More than 10 years ago, when the popularity of computers was low, every computer in Internet cafes was a cash cow. Recently, a reporter’s visit found that due to the rising operating costs, vicious price competition and other factors, the profit of Internet cafes has almost dropped to the lowest value, and the once fragrant cake has become a hot potato. On the way of difficult transformation, a few owners have explored the high-end Internet cafe model, but it is also difficult to replicate the glory of the Internet cafe industry. The insiders believe that under the current supply and demand conditions, integrating and reducing the number of Internet cafes, taking the route of chain operation, and developing more value-added services as profit growth points may find vitality for Internet cafes.

status

　　　　At most, only 30% of Internet cafes in Qingdao are making money, and the gross profit can hardly exceed 20%. Of the remaining 70%, 40% are guaranteed and 30% are at a loss. This is the data disclosed by Mr. Zhang, a person in charge of Shandong Zhonglu Space-time Digital Technology Communication Co., Ltd. in an interview with reporters. Zhonglu Space-Time Company once had nearly 80 Internet cafes in downtown Qingdao, and now there are only more than 20.

　　　　Since 2013, the operating profit of Internet cafes in Island City has been close to freezing point. Recently, the reporter visited more than 10 Internet cafes in the city and the suburbs represented by jimo city. The attendance rate in Internet cafes can reach about 70% on weekends and holidays, but few Internet cafes can reach 40% on weekdays. Among more than a dozen bosses, only one boss who opened an Internet cafe near the village in the city on the streets of China and South Korea said that he could rely on young people working nearby to get meager income. Other bosses said that it was difficult to guarantee even making money. Since Qingdao cracked down on Internet cafes to accept minors in 2013, young people who work have become the mainstream customers of Internet cafes.

　　　　More than a decade ago, surfing the Internet in Internet cafes was once a "tall" experience. Internet cafes flourished for at least ten years, and then they declined. "Although there are more than 600 million netizens in China, there are 500 million mobile Internet users." A senior webmaster surnamed Li has revealed one reason for the rapid decline of the Internet cafe industry since last year.

　　　　In the past two or three years, more and more Internet cafe operators have tried to get rid of this industry and want to change hands in a short time, but few people have "taken over" and the transfer fee has dropped again and again. The owner of an Internet cafe near Wenzhou Road in Shibei District complained like this: "I haven’t recovered the cost after working for 4 years. I want to quickly turn this mess out and go to other industries."

　　　　In 2010, Mr. Wang, who lives in jimo city, transferred the Network Culture Business License of his own Internet cafe to his friend Mr. Sun at a price of 90,000 yuan. Four years later, Mr. Sun found that the transfer fee of this set of documents has now dropped to about 30,000 yuan, which is still difficult to sell.

once

　　　　Ms. Yang, who started to open an Internet cafe near Guangzhou Road in Shinan District in 1997, admitted that the most glorious period of the Internet cafe industry should be before 2005. Compared with other industries, the Internet cafe industry at that time had obvious advantages. One-time investment has been profitable for many years, and there is little need to invest any more cost after the machine is installed. Ms. Yang recalled: "The attendance rate is almost 100% 24 hours a day. All we have to do is sit and collect money. When you open a medium-sized Internet cafe, you can earn three or four thousand yuan a day, and it is very easy to earn one million yuan a year. "

　　　　Huge profits have prompted more and more people to invest in the Internet cafe industry, and large and small Internet cafes have mushroomed in the streets of Qingdao. In 2004, after relying on the original capital accumulated by opening an Internet cafe in Guangzhou Road, Ms. Yang was going to open another branch, but at that time, self-employed individuals could not get the Network Culture Business License, and joining a chain store required a lot of expenses, and it was not completely controlled by herself, so Ms. Yang simply bought a certificate from someone else. "It cost 100,000 yuan, and it was the most expensive time for me to buy a certificate."

　　　　The Regulations on the Administration of Internet Service Sites stipulates that business units of Internet Service Sites shall not alter, lease, lend or otherwise transfer the Network Culture Business License; If the internet cafe operator doesn’t want to run the internet cafe, he can only go through the cancellation procedures. In fact, Ms. Yang knows very well that such black market transactions are not protected by law at all, but she still decides to take risks after looking at such a good deal.

　　　　The reporter learned that the total number of Internet cafes determined by the Shandong Provincial Department of Culture for Qingdao at that time was 800, and as of August 2003, there were more than 1,000 Internet cafes in Qingdao alone. The cultural department of Qingdao issued a notice, requesting the cultural bureaus of all districts and cities to stop approving new Internet cafes from August 22, 2003. Therefore, the "Network Culture Business License" necessary for opening an Internet cafe has entered a private transaction.

operate

　　　　Internet fee of two yuan per hour, which was the price in the 1990s. After more than 10 years, the internet fee of more than 1,500 Internet cafes in the island city is still about two yuan on average. After joining the membership card to participate in the promotion activities of Internet cafes, the internet fee is even lower.

　　　　"Zhonglu Time and Space" was the first to develop an Internet cafe chain in Qingdao. Mr. Zhang, a person in charge of the company, said that the cost and price of operating Internet cafes have already doubled. He took a direct store with an area of more than 300 square meters on Minjiang Road as an example. In recent years, the rent of the store has risen from 300,000 yuan to more than 700,000 yuan, and the salary of network management and staff has at least doubled.

　　　　After interviewing a number of Internet cafes of different sizes in the urban and suburban areas, the reporter found that an Internet cafe with 100 computers, for example, will take at least three years to recover its cost if it invests about 1 million yuan. If it quits halfway, used computers will not be able to sell at all, and it will lose all its money, which is also the reason why many Internet cafes are barely supporting.

　　　　In addition to internet fees, another major source of profit for Internet cafes is the sales of beverages and foods. The retail price of a bottle of 600 ml Pepsi in major supermarkets in the island city is mostly between 2.3 yuan and 2.8 yuan. However, the reporter visited more than a dozen Internet cafes in the island city. Whether it is the urban-rural junction where the rent is cheaper or several business districts in the city where the land is precious, the retail price of the same cola is rarely lower than that in 5 yuan.

compete

　　　　At the beginning of 2013, Qingdao Network Culture Association issued a price increase proposal to all member units, proposing to increase the internet fee to 3 yuan per hour. However, this behavior was suspected of colluding with price increases in the eyes of the price department, so it was stopped.

　　　　However, this price increase was unsuccessful. In the view of Mr. Zhang, the head of China-Shandong Time and Space, there are other reasons. "Everyone began to discuss how to rise to 3 yuan together, but in a few days, an Internet cafe on Ningxia Road suddenly launched a membership card to recharge 100 yuan to send 50 yuan, which is equal to a penny." Mr. Zhang said.

　　　　Low-price competition once led to low-level competition, and Internet cafes even became hiding places for criminals. Under the background that the cultural law enforcement departments strictly enforce the law and strengthen the law enforcement, Internet cafe practitioners who used to earn profits by playing the legal edge ball have repeatedly complained.

　　　　Take "all-night business", the most typical behavior of exploiting legal loopholes, as an example. Article 22 of the Regulations on the Administration of Internet Service Sites stipulates that the daily business hours of Internet Service Sites are limited to 8: 00 to 24: 00. Wang Shuhong, director of the Network Management Department of Qingdao Cultural Market Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau, said that since the law enforcement was intensified in 2013, more than 1,600 Internet cafes in the city have rarely been open all night, because the punishment for such illegal business practices is very heavy, and if the circumstances are serious, the Network Culture Business License can be revoked.

　　　　In the view of Mr. Wang, the post-1985 boss who runs an Internet cafe on Nanjing Road, this kind of strict management makes sense: "In the past, when we closed the door, we expected some people who stayed up all night to earn more money. Those people still had certain spending power, and I also knew that some of them were afraid to stay in hotels, which was a mixed bag of fish and dragons, and they were also doing scary business. I dare not check it strictly now, but my heart is also practical. " Mr. Li, president of Qingdao Internet Association, said in an interview with reporters a few days ago: "The vicious competition among peers is very serious now. Instead of fighting for decoration, renovation and price, it is better to optimize restructuring. If the number of Internet cafes in Qingdao is reduced by half, leaving seven or eight hundred, I believe the industry ecology will be much better."

transform

　　　　How to transform the Internet cafe industry is a topic that Internet cafe owners often discuss. The emergence of high-end Internet cafes in Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen seems to give some inspiration to the Internet cafe owners in the island city. At the beginning of 2014, an Internet cafe, known as the most expensive in Qingdao, was born in HongKong Middle Road, Qingdao. The one-hour 10 yuan fee surprised many peers and Internet surfers. On April 23, the reporter visited this Internet cafe and found that the interior decoration and computer hardware configuration of the Internet cafe really belong to the high-end level in the island city, with freshly ground coffee, brand desserts and soothing background music. The staff told the reporter that this is a national chain of Internet cafes, all of which use iMac all-in-one, with more than 100 in total. At the same time, it can also provide professional e-sports mechanical keyboards and mice for Internet surfers.

　　　　According to the situation of opening for several months, the average attendance rate of Internet cafes is about 70%. For non-members, the hourly internet fee requires 10 yuan, so the profit is relatively high, but the staff also expressed their concerns. He said: "At first, there may be many people who want to be fresh, but after this period of time, they are worried that the attendance rate will decline, because the attendance rate has obviously not been as good as the new opening stage in recent days."

　　　　As a matter of fact, as early as 2008, there were Internet cafes in the island city trying to increase the internet fee through high-end quality. The "E Tribe" changchun road store located at the intersection of Weihai Road and changchun road in Taitung was called the most luxurious large-scale Internet cafe in Qingdao at that time by the vast majority of Internet surfers in the island city. However, when the reporter passed the door of the Internet cafe on April 22, he found that the entire door had been removed. A man who did not want to be named said that the Internet cafe was due to the high initial investment cost. When the reporter asked about the business situation, the man smiled bitterly, indicating that it was hard to say.

　　　　People in the industry are not optimistic about this model: "The specific situation of each city is different. Internet cafes in Shanghai can still be full for 30 yuan an hour. People are mainly targeting high-income groups. Few people in Internet cafes play games. They are all used for business office. The newly opened Internet cafes in Qingdao are specifically aimed at gamers. How can this last?"

situation

　　　　According to the statistics in 2013, there are more than 1,700 officially registered Internet cafes in Qingdao, ranking third in the country after Chongqing and Chengdu, and this figure became more than 1,500 in the latest statistics in April 2014, which has been reduced by more than 200.

　　　　"Qingdao Internet cafes must be chained and managed in a unified way." This is the consensus that members of Qingdao Internet Association have already reached. According to the specific steps formulated in the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Internet Cafe Chain Integration in Shandong Province" jointly issued by the Shandong Provincial Department of Culture and the Public Security Department, June 2012 to December 2014 belongs to the stage of comprehensive promotion of Internet Cafe integration, and the opinions call for speeding up the progress of "changing from single to even", and the chain rate of Internet cafes in all cities should reach 90% by the end of 2014.

　　　　"To say that it is a chain is actually to sign a symbolic contract with a chain company. The company has no binding force on people’s previous single Internet cafes. The legal representative of the single company does not change, the management mode does not change, and even the door is too lazy to change to a unified format. How can this be called a chain?" Mr. Zhang, the head of Sino-Shandong Time and Space, is not optimistic about the current integration.

　　　　Efforts to revive Internet cafes have never stopped. Under the situation that the Internet cafe industry has gradually declined in the industry and management departments, Xiao Wang, an entrepreneur born after the 1980s in Nanjing Road, is still going against the wind. In addition to setting down the store at a cheaper price, he said with confidence that the value-added services of Internet cafes are always there besides surfing the Internet. Besides selling drinks and charging cards to earn a little money, the core value-added services of Internet cafes should be advertising, "such as starting advertising.

　　　　Text/photo reporter Cao Kaijie

(Source: Peninsula Network-peninsula metropolis daily)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 31st Title: The overall economic recovery has made solid and powerful progress towards good and high-quality development — — The main responsible comrades of the National Development and Reform Commission answered questions from reporters on the current economic situation and work.

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee recently held a meeting to analyze and study the current economic situation and plan economic work in the second half of the year. How to correctly understand the current economic situation, how to better implement the spirit of the meeting and promote the sustained improvement of economic operation? Focusing on the relevant issues of social concern, the reporter interviewed the main responsible comrades of the National Development and Reform Commission.

　　In the first half of the year, the economy continued to recover and the overall recovery improved.

　　Q: Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party believes that since the beginning of this year, the national economy has continued to recover and the overall recovery has improved. How to understand and grasp this important judgment?

　　A: Since the beginning of this year, in the face of the complicated and severe international environment and arduous domestic reform, development and stability tasks, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core and with the joint efforts of the whole country, China’s economy has continued to recover, the overall recovery has improved, high-quality development has been solidly promoted, and the overall social situation has remained stable. We can understand and grasp the current economic situation from three key words.

　　The first is "recovery", that is, the overall economic operation picks up and the supply and demand ends continue to recover. From the main data in the first half of the year, the GDP increased by 5.5% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1 percentage point faster than that in the first quarter. From the production point of view, the summer harvest of grain and oil has achieved another bumper harvest, and the total output of summer grain is 292.3 billion Jin; Industrial production recovered steadily, and the total industrial added value in the first half of the year increased by 3.7% year-on-year, 0.8 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; The service industry grew by 6.4%, accelerating by 1 percentage point. In terms of demand, consumption recovered quickly. In the first half of the year, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 8.2% year-on-year, 2.4 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter, and the sales of new energy vehicles increased by 44.1%. The scale of investment continued to expand, and investment in fixed assets increased by 3.8%; Foreign trade exports maintained growth, and the import and export of goods increased by 2.1%, of which exports increased by 3.7%.

　　The second is "improving", that is, the economic structure is constantly optimized and the quality of development is steadily improved. The pulling effect of domestic demand was enhanced. In the first half of the year, the contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth reached 110.8%, up 59.4 percentage points year-on-year, of which the contribution rate of final consumption reached 77.2%, up 46.4 percentage points. Investment in infrastructure, manufacturing and high-tech industries grew rapidly, increasing by 7.2%, 6% and 12.5% respectively in the first half of the year. Industrial upgrading accumulated a lot, and the added value of equipment manufacturing increased by 6.5%, 2.7 percentage points faster than all industries above designated size; C919 large passenger plane was officially put into commercial operation, the first domestic large cruise ship was docked, and the "new three" exports of electric vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells increased by 61.6%.

　　The third is "stability", that is, employment prices are generally stable and people’s lives continue to improve. In the first half of the year, 6.78 million new jobs were created in cities and towns, an increase of 240,000 compared with the same period of last year. In June, the national urban survey unemployment rate was 5.2%. Consumer prices rose by 0.7% in the first half of the year. Residents’ income has been continuously improved, and the per capita disposable income of the national residents has actually increased by 5.8%, up by 2 percentage points over the first quarter, of which the per capita disposable income of rural residents has increased by 7.2%, up by 2.4 percentage points. In the first half of the year, 42,600 old urban communities were newly renovated, involving 7.42 million households. We will steadily implement the national overall planning of the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, and further raise the basic pension level for retirees. The coverage of direct settlement of cross-provincial medical treatment in different places continued to expand.

　　The good achievements in economic and social development in the first half of the year were achieved under the circumstances that external demand weakened, the adverse impact of changes in the international environment increased, domestic cyclical structural contradictions were intertwined, and potential risks in some fields gradually emerged, which met expectations and was hard-won.

　　China’s economy will maintain a stable and positive trend in the second half of the year.

　　Q: We have noticed that some economic indicators have slowed down or fluctuated since the second quarter. How do you view the economic trend in the second half of the year?

　　A: After three years of epidemic impact in COVID-19, economic recovery will be a wave-like development and tortuous progress after the epidemic prevention and control has turned smoothly, and some economic indicators will fluctuate. At present, China’s economic operation is facing new difficult challenges from international and domestic sources, the international market demand is weakening, risks are accumulated in the global economic and financial fields, the geopolitical pattern is profoundly adjusted, and the external environment is complex and severe; Domestic demand is insufficient, some enterprises have difficulties in operation, and some areas have hidden risks.

　　At the same time, we must also see that we have the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core. China’s economy has strong resilience, great potential and full vitality. The fundamentals of long-term improvement have not changed. The new development pattern is being accelerated, high-quality development is being comprehensively promoted, and economic development has good support and favorable conditions. First, the development foundation is more solid. China’s economic scale has exceeded 120 trillion yuan, with a complete industrial system, rich high-quality human resources, convenient software and hardware infrastructure network, constantly improving security capabilities, and steadily enhancing economic risk resistance. Second, the market potential continues to be released. China is the world’s largest potential consumer market, with a huge population base and constantly improving population quality, the market increment continues to expand, the investment demand in public services, infrastructure and other fields is strong, and the economic structure optimization, industrial structure adjustment, regional coordinated development and urbanization rate increase contain huge market space. Adhere to the organic combination of the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand and deepening the structural reform of the supply side, and the advantages of the super-large-scale market will be further revealed. The third is to accelerate the transformation of old and new kinetic energy. The innovation ability has been continuously improved, the high-end, intelligent and green transformation of traditional industries has been steadily promoted, the integration and development process of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries has been accelerated, and strategic emerging industries are accelerating their development and growth. Fourth, the vitality of development has been continuously enhanced. The comprehensive deepening of reforms in key areas and key links, the steady improvement of the level of opening up to the outside world, the expansion of domestic market space and the release of potential will continuously stimulate the vitality, motivation and creativity of business entities. Fifth, the policy effect continues to appear.The series of decision-making arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have been accelerated, and policies such as expanding domestic demand, strengthening entities and preventing risks have been introduced one after another. The joint efforts of stock measures and incremental policies to promote high-quality development have been further enhanced. In the second half of the year, China’s economy will maintain a stable and positive trend on the basis of sustained recovery in the first half.

　　In short, we are confident, qualified and capable of promoting the continuous improvement of economic structure, the continuous enhancement of growth momentum and the continuous improvement of development trend, and achieving the objectives and tasks of economic and social development throughout the year with high quality.

　　Accurately and forcefully implement macro-control

　　Q: Faced with problems such as insufficient domestic demand, difficulties in some enterprises’ operation, and many hidden risks in some areas, what will be the focus of macro-control policies in the next stage?

　　A: Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party has made systematic arrangements for economic work in the second half of the year. We will focus on the primary task of high-quality development and the strategic task of building a new development pattern, and do our best to implement it, focusing on the following five aspects.

　　First, persist in striving for progress while maintaining stability and consolidate the good momentum of economic recovery. Put steady growth in a more prominent position, implement macro-control accurately and forcefully, continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, strengthen policy coordination and coordination, implement good policies and measures to promote sustained economic recovery, strengthen countercyclical adjustment, do a good job in policy reserves, and timely introduce more targeted and powerful policies and measures in batches according to changes in the situation, so as to create a good policy environment for enterprise development and lay a solid foundation for sustained economic recovery.

　　Second, adhere to self-reliance and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system supported by the real economy. Put the focus of economic development on the real economy, forge long boards and make up short boards, vigorously enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivate and expand strategic emerging industries, create more pillar industries, promote the high-quality development of advanced manufacturing industries, and further enhance the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain supply chain.

　　The third is to persist in reform and opening up and effectively stimulate the vitality and endogenous motivation of business entities. Focus on the key areas and key links of "taking the lead and moving the whole body" and increase the intensity of reform. Adhere to the "two unwavering", accelerate the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, and promote the development and growth of the private economy. We will steadily expand institutional opening up, attract and utilize foreign capital more vigorously, and promote the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road".

　　The fourth is to adhere to the bottom line thinking and effectively prevent and resolve internal and external risk challenges. Systematic planning, precise policy, safe disposal and resolution of potential risks in real estate, local debt, finance and other fields, vigorously improve the safety and security capabilities of food and energy resources, and firmly hold the bottom line of no systemic risks.

　　The fifth is to persist in taking the people as the center and do a solid job in improving people’s livelihood. We will solve outstanding problems in the areas of people’s livelihood, such as employment, which the masses care about, speed up the filling of shortcomings in the supply of public services, such as pension, nursery, education and medical care, consolidate the social security safety net, strengthen the supervision of production safety and disaster prevention and mitigation, and continuously improve people’s living standards.

　　Firmly implement the strategy of expanding domestic demand

　　Q: Recently, relevant departments have successively introduced policies to expand consumption and promote investment. What other considerations are there in expanding domestic demand in the second half of the year?

　　A: Since the beginning of this year, in accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with relevant parties, has firmly implemented the strategy of expanding domestic demand, given priority to restoring and expanding consumption, actively expanded effective investment, and introduced a series of policy measures. At present, these measures are taking effect.

　　In the second half of the year, in terms of expanding domestic demand, first, give better play to the basic role of consumption in stimulating economic growth. Issue policy documents to restore and expand consumption. Increase residents’ income by vigorously promoting employment and other measures. Boost bulk consumption, accelerate the construction of charging and parking facilities, and encourage areas where automobile purchases are restricted to optimize purchase restriction management policies. We will continue to do a good job in ensuring the delivery of buildings, people’s livelihood and stability, adjust and optimize real estate policies in a timely manner, and make good use of the policy toolbox to better meet the rigid and improved housing needs of residents. Promote service consumption to be "better and better", and take holidays such as summer vacation, Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day as an opportunity to expand holiday consumption; Make full use of the Universiade, Asian Games and other sports activities to develop cultural and sports consumption. Study and implement policies and measures to vigorously develop the silver-haired economy. The second is to actively play the key role of investment in optimizing the supply structure. Private investment has always been one of the key points of effective investment. It is necessary to clarify a number of key sub-sectors to encourage private capital to participate, strengthen the protection of private investment financing, land use and other factors, support private capital to participate in revitalizing state-owned stock assets, and promote the gradual recovery of private investment. Give full play to the leading role of government investment, solidly promote 102 major projects in the 14 th Five-Year Plan and other major projects for economic and social development, and accelerate the issuance and use of special bonds for local governments.

　　Promote the real economy to change its mode, adjust its structure and increase its kinetic energy.

　　Q: Many enterprises report difficulties in production and operation, lack of capacity in transformation and upgrading, etc. How can we take effective measures to alleviate the difficulties in the real economy and speed up the construction of a modern industrial system?

　　A: The real economy is the foundation of a country’s economy. In the second half of the year, it is necessary to speed up the implementation of the policy of helping enterprises to bail out, promote the transformation of the real economy, adjust its structure, increase its kinetic energy, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system.

　　First, increase the efforts to clean up the accounts owed by enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises. We will speed up the settlement of the government’s arrears of corporate accounts, strictly enforce the regulations on the payment of funds for small and medium-sized enterprises, implement the information disclosure system for overdue payment of accounts for small and medium-sized enterprises by organs, institutions and large enterprises, and promote the settlement of mutual arrears among enterprises.

　　The second is comprehensive policy to help enterprises reduce burdens and increase efficiency. We will continue to optimize, improve and implement the policy of tax reduction and fee reduction, and prohibit such acts as overcharging taxes and fees, arbitrary charges, fines and levies, so as to promote the steady decline of comprehensive financing costs of enterprises and provide diversified relay financial services for technology-based enterprises throughout their life cycle. Cultivate a number of characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises within the county scope of the country.

　　The third is to strengthen the main position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises. Give full play to the leading and supporting role of backbone enterprises of science and technology, create a good ecology conducive to the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises of science and technology, cultivate more specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, accelerate the cultivation of high-quality talents that meet the needs of the industry, strengthen the construction of high-skilled talents in the new era, and promote the deep integration of the capital chain of innovation chain industrial chain. Organize more enterprises to take the lead and participate in key core technology research, and accelerate the research and development and application promotion of cutting-edge technologies.

　　The fourth is to speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. Support qualified enterprises to scientifically transform according to market development, comprehensively promote the upgrading of high-end, intelligent and green manufacturing systems, solidly promote intelligent manufacturing actions, and orderly implement energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation in key industrial areas. Vigorously develop modern service industry and build a new service industry system with high quality and high efficiency. We will further implement the strategy of storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology, promote the revitalization of seed industry, and strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology and equipment.

　　The fifth is to accelerate the cultivation and expansion of strategic emerging industries. In-depth implementation of the national strategic emerging industrial cluster development project, promote the deep integration of digital economy with advanced manufacturing and modern service industries, vigorously develop artificial intelligence, new materials, new energy and other industries, and plan and lay out a number of future industries.

　　At the same time, we will further improve the normal communication mechanism between government departments and private enterprises, state-owned enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises, manufacturing enterprises and other enterprises, listen to the real situation of enterprise management and development, study and put forward pragmatic and effective policy measures, try our best to help enterprises solve practical difficulties, and work together with government and enterprises to promote high-quality economic development.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 18th

　　Speech at the celebration of the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up.

　　(December 18, 2018)

　　Supreme leader

　　Comrades and friends:

　　December 18th, 1978 will be an important day in the history of Chinese nation, communist party and People’s Republic of China (PRC). On this day, our party held the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, realizing a great turning point with far-reaching significance in the history of the party since the founding of New China, and starting a great journey of reform, opening up and socialist modernization.

　　Today, we gather here solemnly to review the glorious course of 40 years of reform and opening up, sum up the great achievements and valuable experience of reform and opening up, and mobilize the whole party and people of all nationalities to continue to push forward reform and opening up in the new era and make unremitting efforts to achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Comrades and friends!

　　The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held at a critical historical juncture when the Party and the country were facing where to go. At that time, the world economy was developing rapidly, and scientific and technological progress was changing with each passing day. The civil strife in the decade of the "Cultural Revolution" led to the brink of collapse of China’s economy, and people’s food and clothing became a problem, and national construction was in full swing. There is a strong demand inside and outside the Party to correct the mistakes of the "Cultural Revolution", so that the Party and the country can rise again from the crisis. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "If we don’t carry out reform now, our modernization and socialist cause will be ruined."

　　Under the leadership of Comrade Deng Xiaoping and the support of the older generation of revolutionaries, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China broke through the serious shackles of long-term "Left" mistakes, criticized the wrong policy of "two whatevers", fully affirmed the need to master Mao Zedong Thought’s scientific system completely and accurately, spoke highly of the discussion on the standard of truth, decisively ended "taking class struggle as the key link" and re-established Marxist ideological, political and organizational lines. Since then, China’s reform and opening up has begun.

　　Our party’s historic decision to implement reform and opening up is based on a profound grasp of the future and destiny of the party and the country, a profound summary of the socialist revolution and construction practice, a profound insight into the trend of the times, and a profound understanding of the expectations and needs of the people. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "Poverty is not socialism" and "We should catch up with the times, which is the goal of reform".

　　Historical development has its laws, but people are not completely passive in it. As long as we grasp the general trend of historical development, seize the opportunity of historical change, work hard and forge ahead, human society can advance better.

　　Reform and opening up is a great awakening of our party, and it is this great awakening that gave birth to our party’s great creation from theory to practice. Reform and opening up is a great revolution in the history of the development of Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and it is this great revolution that has promoted the great leap of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause!

　　Comrades and friends!

　　The establishment of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the establishment of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and the promotion of reform and opening up and the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics are three historic events that have taken place in China since the May 4th Movement, and are three milestones to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in modern times.

　　The people of the Communist Party of China (CPC), with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, combined the basic principles of Marxism–Leninism with the concrete practice of the China Revolution, founded Mao Zedong Thought, United and led the whole party and people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, completed the new-democratic revolution, established People’s Republic of China (PRC), established the basic socialist system, successfully realized the deepest and greatest social changes in China’s history, and laid the fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all the development and progress of contemporary China. In the process of exploration, although it has experienced serious twists and turns, the original theoretical achievements and great achievements made by the Party in the socialist revolution and construction have provided valuable experience, theoretical preparation and material foundation for creating Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical period.

　　After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC), with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, United and led the whole party and the people of all nationalities in China, profoundly summed up the positive and negative experiences of China’s socialist construction, learned from the historical experience of world socialism, founded Deng Xiaoping Theory, made a historic decision to shift the work center of the party and the state to economic construction and implement reform and opening up, profoundly revealed the essence of socialism, and established the basic line for the primary stage of socialism. Clearly put forward to take our own road and build Socialism with Chinese characteristics, scientifically answered a series of basic questions about building Socialism with Chinese characteristics, formulated a three-step development strategy to basically realize socialist modernization by the middle of the 21st century, and successfully created Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th CPC Central Committee, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the main representative, United and led the whole party and people of all nationalities, adhered to the party’s basic theory and line, deepened their understanding of what socialism is, how to build socialism, what kind of party to build, and how to build the party, accumulated new valuable experience in managing the party and the country, and formed Theory of Three Represents. In the face of the severe test of the complicated situation at home and abroad and the serious twists and turns of world socialism, it defended Socialism with Chinese characteristics, established the reform goal and basic framework of the socialist market economic system, established the basic economic system and distribution system in the primary stage of socialism, created a new situation of comprehensive reform and opening up, promoted the new great project of party building, and successfully pushed Socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century.

　　After the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC), with Comrade Hu Jintao as the main representative, United and led the whole party and people of all ethnic groups, adhered to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, and profoundly understood and answered major issues such as what kind of development and how to develop under the new situation, thus forming Scientific Outlook on Development and seizing the important strategic opportunity period. In the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we promoted practical innovation, theoretical innovation and institutional innovation, emphasized people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, formed the overall layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause, made great efforts to safeguard and improve people’s livelihood, promoted social fairness and justice, promoted the construction of a harmonious world, and promoted the construction of the party’s ruling ability and advanced nature, thus successfully upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics at a new historical starting point.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has united and led the whole party and people of all ethnic groups to comprehensively examine the new international and domestic situations, profoundly answered what kind of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and how to adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era by summing up practice and looking forward to the future, formed Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, persisted in promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinated the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout. Adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, put forward a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies for all aspects of the work of the party and the state, and promote historic changes and achievements in the cause of the party and the state. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. With great political courage and wisdom, we put forward that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform is to improve and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, focus on strengthening the systematicness, integrity and synergy of the reform, focus on major institutional innovations, and focus on improving the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security. We have launched more than 1,600 reform programs, gnawed many hard bones, and made many rapids and rapids. The reform has shown all-round efforts, made many breakthroughs, and made rapid progress.

　　Difficulties and hardships, jade is successful. Over the past 40 years, we have emancipated our minds, sought truth from facts, boldly tried and bravely changed, and created a new world. From the household contract system, the sudden emergence of township enterprises, the abolition of agricultural tax, animal husbandry tax and specialty tax to the separation of "three powers" in rural contracted land, winning the battle against poverty, and implementing the strategy of rural revitalization, from the establishment of Shenzhen and other special economic zones, the opening up of coastal areas and inland central cities to China’s accession to the World Trade Organization, the establishment of the "Belt and Road", the establishment of a free trade pilot zone, the planning of a free trade port with China characteristics, and the successful holding of the first China International Import Expo. From "bringing in" to "going out", from doing a good job in state-owned small and medium-sized enterprises and developing individual and private economy to deepening the reform of state-owned state-owned enterprises and developing mixed ownership economy, from single public ownership to public ownership as the main body, multiple ownership economies develop together and adhere to the "two unshakable", from the traditional planned economy system to the unprecedented socialist market economy system, to making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government, and from focusing on economic system reform to comprehensively deepening the economy.A series of major reforms, such as the reform of party and state institutions, administrative management system, rule of law system, judicial system, foreign affairs system, social governance system, ecological environment supervision system, national security system, national defense and army system, party leadership and party building system, discipline inspection and supervision system, have been solidly promoted, and various measures to facilitate the people, benefit the people and benefit the people have been continuously implemented, making reform and opening up the most remarkable feature and magnificent weather in contemporary China.

　　Comrades and friends!

　　Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, from opening a new era to entering a new century, from standing on a new starting point to entering a new era, our party has been in the same boat for 40 years, breaking through difficulties for 40 years, and forging ahead with perseverance for 40 years. Our party has led the people to paint a magnificent and magnificent historical picture, and has written a hymn of struggle that is earth-shaking and vigorous.

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always adhered to emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, seeking truth from facts and being pragmatic, unswervingly adhering to the guiding position of Marxism, unswervingly adhering to the basic principles of scientific socialism, bravely promoting theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, cultural innovation and other aspects of innovation, constantly giving Socialism with Chinese characteristics distinctive practical characteristics, theoretical characteristics, national characteristics and times characteristics, and forming Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theory, system and culture.

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always adhered to economic construction as the center and constantly liberated and developed social productive forces. China’s GDP has increased from 367.9 billion yuan to 82.7 trillion yuan in 2017, with an average annual real growth rate of 9.5%, much higher than the average annual growth rate of the world economy of about 2.9% in the same period. China’s GDP accounted for 15.2% of the world’s GDP from 1.8% at the beginning of reform and opening up, and has contributed more than 30% to the world’s economic growth for many years. China’s total import and export of goods has increased from $20.6 billion to more than $4 trillion, with accumulated foreign direct investment exceeding $2 trillion and total foreign investment reaching $1.9 trillion. The output of major agricultural products in China has leapt to the forefront of the world, and the most complete modern industrial system in the world has been established. Scientific and technological innovations and major projects have been reported frequently. China’s infrastructure construction has made remarkable achievements, information is smooth, roads are networked, railways are densely covered, high dams stand, West-to-East gas transmission, South-to-North water transfer, high-speed rail speeding, giant ships sailing, airplanes soaring, and natural moats become thoroughfares. At present, China is the world’s second largest economy, the largest country in manufacturing, the largest country in goods trade, the second largest country in commodity consumption and the second largest country in foreign capital inflow. China’s foreign exchange reserves have ranked first in the world for many years in a row, and the people of China have taken decisive steps on the journey of getting rich and strong!

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always adhered to the road of political development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, continuously deepened the reform of political system and developed socialist democratic politics. The leadership system of the party and the state has been improved day by day, and the rule of law has been further promoted in an all-round way. The socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has been improved day by day, the institutional guarantee and the rule of law guarantee for the people to be masters of their own affairs have been strengthened, the cause of human rights has been comprehensively developed, and the patriotic United front has been consolidated. The people’s enjoyment and exercise of democratic rights in accordance with the law are richer in content, more convenient in channels and more diverse in forms. The people of China, who are in control of their own destiny, are full of unprecedented enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, and have shown great strength in swallowing mountains and rivers in reform, opening up and socialist modernization!

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always insisted on developing advanced socialist culture, strengthening the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, cultivating and practicing socialist core values, inheriting and carrying forward China’s excellent traditional culture, persisting in guiding the way with scientific theory, rallying our hearts with correct public opinion, shaping our souls with advanced culture, inspiring our fighting spirit with excellent works, widely promoting patriotism, collectivism and socialist spirit, constantly emerging models of the times and heroes, increasingly prospering culture and art, and rapidly developing the cause of online information. The great spirit of reform and opening-up forged by reform and opening-up has greatly enriched the connotation of the national spirit and become the most distinctive spiritual symbol of the people of contemporary China!

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always insisted on safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood in development, and comprehensively promoted education for young children, education for learning, income from labor, medical care for the sick, security for the old, housing for the weak, and continuous improvement of people’s lives and welfare. The per capita disposable income of the national residents increased from 171 yuan to 26,000 yuan, and the middle-income group continued to expand. China’s poverty-stricken population has decreased by 740 million, and the incidence of poverty has dropped by 94.4 percentage points, which has written a brilliant chapter in the history of human anti-poverty. Education has developed in an all-round way, and the consolidation rate of nine-year compulsory education has reached 93.8%. China has built the world’s largest social security system, including pension, medical care, subsistence allowance and housing. The basic pension insurance covers more than 900 million people, and the medical insurance covers more than 1.3 billion people. The urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 58.52%, up by 40.6 percentage points. The life expectancy of residents increased from 67.8 years in 1981 to 76.7 years in 2017. China’s overall social situation has remained stable for a long time and has become one of the most secure countries in the world. Food stamps, cloth tickets, meat tickets, fish tickets, oil tickets, tofu tickets, non-staple food books, industrial tickets and other tickets that people once could not live without have entered the history museum, and the problems of hunger, lack of food and clothing, and poor life that have plagued our people for thousands of years are gone forever!

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always adhered to environmental protection and resource conservation, and persisted in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. The system of ecological civilization system has been accelerated, the main functional area system has been gradually improved, significant progress has been made in energy conservation and emission reduction, major ecological protection and restoration projects have progressed smoothly, and ecological environment governance has been significantly strengthened. We have actively participated in and guided international cooperation in tackling climate change, and the home where China people were born and raised is more beautiful and pleasant!

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always adhered to the party’s absolute leadership over the army, constantly promoted the modernization of national defense and the army, pushed forward the revolutionary remolding of the people’s army, made a historic breakthrough in weapons and equipment, fundamentally changed the way of running the army, significantly improved the level of revolutionary modernization and regularization, and significantly enhanced the people’s army’s ability to safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests, becoming an unbreakable powerful force for defending people’s happy lives, the motherland and world peace!

　　——40年来，我们始终坚持推进祖国和平统一大业，实施“一国两制”基本方针，相继恢复对香港、澳门行使主权，洗雪了中华民族百年屈辱。我们坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，加强两岸经济文化交流合作，推动两岸关系和平发展，坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂势力，牢牢掌握两岸关系发展主导权和主动权。海内外全体中华儿女的民族认同感、文化认同感大大增强，同心共筑中国梦的意志更加坚强！

　　——40年来，我们始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚定维护国际关系基本准则，维护国际公平正义。我们实现由封闭半封闭到全方位开放的历史转变，积极参与经济全球化进程，为推动人类共同发展作出了应有贡献。我们积极推动建设开放型世界经济、构建人类命运共同体，促进全球治理体系变革，旗帜鲜明反对霸权主义和强权政治，为世界和平与发展不断贡献中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量。我国日益走近世界舞台中央，成为国际社会公认的世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者！

　　— — Over the past 40 years, we have always insisted on strengthening and improving the Party’s leadership, actively responded to various risk tests faced by the Party under the conditions of long-term governance and reform and opening up, continued to push forward the new great project of Party building, maintained the advanced nature and purity of the Party, and maintained the flesh-and-blood ties between the Party and the people. We actively explore the laws governing communist party, socialist construction and the development of human society, and constantly open up a new realm of Marxism in China. We insist that the party should manage the party strictly, purify the political ecology within the party, persevere in discipline, vigorously rectify formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and extravagance, severely punish corruption with zero tolerance, and win an overwhelming victory in the anti-corruption struggle. Our Party is firmly in the forefront of the times in revolutionary forging, and has always been the backbone of Chinese people and the Chinese nation!

　　40 years of spring rain, spring flowers and autumn fruits, reform and opening up have greatly changed the face of China, the face of the Chinese nation, the face of the people of China and the face of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich and becoming strong! Socialism with Chinese characteristics ushered in a great leap from creation, development to perfection! The people of China have ushered in a great leap from insufficient food and clothing to a well-off society! The Chinese nation is standing in the east of the world with a brand-new attitude!

　　The achievements made in the past 40 years did not fall from the sky, let alone be given alms by others, but were made by the whole party and people of all nationalities with diligence, wisdom and courage! It took us decades to complete the industrialization process that developed countries have gone through for hundreds of years. In the hands of the people of China, the impossible has become possible. We are extremely proud of the people of China who have created a miracle on earth!

　　Here, on behalf of the CPC Central Committee, I would like to pay high tribute to the broad masses of workers, peasants, intellectuals, cadres, officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army, officers and men of the Armed Police Force, and police officers who have contributed wisdom and strength to the reform, opening up and socialist modernization on all fronts, as well as to the democratic parties and personages without party affiliation, people’s organizations and patriots from all walks of life! I would like to extend my sincere greetings to our compatriots in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, Taiwan Province and overseas Chinese who have made active efforts for the reform, opening up and modernization of the motherland! I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all foreign friends and people all over the world who care about and support China’s reform, opening up and modernization.

　　Comrades and friends!

　　The practice of 40 years has fully proved that the road, theory, system and culture of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, which our party has united and led the people of all ethnic groups in China since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, are completely correct, and the basic theory, line and general plan of our party are completely correct.

　　The practice of 40 years has fully proved that the development of China has provided successful experience and bright prospects for the modernization of developing countries, is a powerful force for promoting world peace and development, and is a great contribution made by the Chinese nation to the progress of human civilization.

　　The practice of 40 years has fully proved that reform and opening up is an important magic weapon for the Party and the people to catch up with the times, the only way to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics, a key measure to determine the fate of contemporary China, and a key measure to achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Only by conforming to the historical trend, actively responding and actively seeking change can we walk with the times. "The power of doing is to know more, and the deeper you know, the more you can do." The precious experience accumulated in the 40 years of reform and opening up is precious spiritual wealth of the Party and the people, which has extremely important guiding significance for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It must be cherished and persisted for a long time, and continuously enriched and developed in practice.

　　First, we must uphold the party’s leadership over all work and constantly strengthen and improve the party’s leadership. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up enlightens us that the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system. Party, government, military and civilian studies, east, west, north and south, the party is the leader of everything. It is precisely because we always adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party that we can achieve a great historical turning point, start a new period of reform and opening up and a new journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, successfully cope with a series of major risk challenges and overcome numerous difficulties and obstacles, effectively cope with the situation, calm down the storm, fight floods, prevent SARS, resist earthquakes and turn the crisis into a crisis, and unswervingly take the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics instead of taking the old road of being closed and rigid or taking the evil road of changing its flag. To uphold the party’s leadership, we must constantly improve the party’s leadership and make it more suitable for the requirements of practice, the times and the people. On the issue of upholding the party’s leadership, a major principle that determines the future and destiny of the party and the country, the whole party and the whole country must maintain a high degree of ideological consciousness, political consciousness and action consciousness, and we must not waver at all.

　　On the way forward, we must strengthen the "four consciousnesses" and strengthen the "four self-confidences", resolutely safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership, and implement and embody the party’s leadership in various fields such as reform, development and stability, internal affairs, foreign affairs and national defense, and managing the party, the country and the army. Every step of reform and opening up is not easy. In the future, we will certainly face such risks and challenges, and even encounter unimaginable waves. Our party should take the overall situation into consideration, coordinate all parties, adhere to scientific, democratic and legal governance, improve the party’s leadership style and governance style, improve the party’s ability and leadership level, constantly improve the party’s ability and determination to take the direction, seek the overall situation, formulate policies and promote reform, and ensure that the ship of reform and opening up will sail on the right course.

　　Second, we must persist in taking the people as the center and constantly realize people’s yearning for a better life. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up has inspired us that it is the initial intention and mission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people to seek happiness for the people of China and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, as well as the initial intention and mission of reform and opening-up. Our party comes from the people, takes root in the people, benefits the people, and serves the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of the party. We must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the fundamental starting point and end result of all our work, adhere to the people’s support, disapproval, happiness and unhappiness as the basis for formulating policies, conform to the people’s will, respect the people’s will, pay attention to the people’s feelings, and devote ourselves to the people’s livelihood. We will not only lead the people forward by putting forward and implementing correct theories, lines, principles and policies, It also gains momentum from the people’s practical creation and development requirements, so that the people can share the fruits of reform and opening up and inspire them to join the cause of reform, opening up and socialist modernization more consciously.

　　On the way forward, we must always take the people’s yearning for a better life as our goal, practice the Party’s fundamental purpose, implement the Party’s mass line, respect the people’s dominant position, respect the people’s wishes, experiences, rights and functions expressed in practical activities, and fully stimulate the creative power contained in the people. We should improve the democratic system, broaden the channels of democracy, enrich the forms of democracy, improve the guarantee of the rule of law, and ensure that the people enjoy extensive, full, true, concrete and effective democratic rights according to law. We should make great efforts to solve the people’s needs and urgent expectations, let the people share the fruits of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological development, and have more, more direct and more real sense of gain, happiness and security, and constantly promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people.

　　Third, we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism and constantly promote theoretical innovation based on practice. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up enlightens us that innovation is the life of reform and opening-up. There is no end to the development of practice and the emancipation of the mind. Engels said: "The ultimate cause of all social changes and political changes should not be found in people’s minds, in people’s increasing understanding of eternal truth and justice, but in the change of production mode and exchange mode." We insist on integrating theory with practice, answer the questions of the times and the people in time, clear up the ideological fog that puzzles and restricts the development of practice, constantly promote the modernization and popularization of Marxism in China, and constantly open up a new realm of Marxist development.

　　On the way forward, we must adhere to the guidance of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and adhere to the organic unity of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts. It is the unshirkable historical responsibility of contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people to develop Marxism in the 21st century and Marxism in contemporary China. We should strengthen our awareness of problems, times and strategies, grasp the essence and internal relations of the development of things with a profound historical vision and a broad international vision, closely follow the creative practice of hundreds of millions of people, learn from and absorb all the outstanding achievements of human civilization, and constantly answer the new and important topics put forward by the times and practice, so that contemporary China Marxism can radiate more brilliant truth.

　　Fourth, we must stick to the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and constantly adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the direction determines the future, and the road determines the fate. If we want to take our destiny into our own hands, we must be firm and determined. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, the theme of all the theories and practices of our Party has been to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In China, a big country with a civilization history of more than 5,000 years and a population of more than 1.3 billion, there is no textbook that can be regarded as the golden rule, and there is no teacher who can boss the people of China around. Mr. Lu Xun said: "What is the road? It was trampled from the place where there was no road, and it was opened up from the place where there were only thorns. " Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road is a broad road for contemporary China to catch up with the times and lead the development of the times, and it must be unswervingly pursued.

　　On the way forward, we must adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, strengthen the "four self-confidences" and firmly grasp the direction of reform and opening up. What to change and how to change it must be based on whether it conforms to the overall goal of perfecting and developing the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. We will resolutely change what should be changed and what should not be changed and what cannot be changed. We must adhere to the Party’s basic line, and unify the two basic points of centering on economic construction, adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles and persisting in reform and opening up with the great practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and persist in it for a long time and never waver.

　　Fifth, we must persist in perfecting and developing the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, and constantly give play to and enhance China’s institutional advantages. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up enlightens us that the system is a fundamental, overall, stable and long-term issue related to the development of the cause of the party and the state. We have grasped the key of perfecting and developing the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, which has provided a strong guarantee for liberating and developing social productive forces, liberating and enhancing social vitality, and keeping the vitality of the party and the country forever. We have also provided a strong guarantee for maintaining the overall social stability, ensuring people to live and work in peace and contentment, and ensuring national security. We have continuously established a dynamic institutional mechanism for letting the vitality of all labor, knowledge, technology, management, capital and other factors compete with generate, and allowing all sources of social wealth to fully flow in.

　　On the way forward, we must unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector of the economy, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and stimulate the vitality of various market players. We should adhere to the organic unity of the leadership of the Party, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, adhere to and improve the system of people’s congresses, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), the system of regional ethnic autonomy and the system of grass-roots mass autonomy, comprehensively promote the rule of law, consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic United front, develop socialist deliberative democracy, and use the system to ensure that the people are the masters of the country. We should strengthen the system construction in the cultural field, raise the banner, gather people’s hearts, cultivate new people, promote culture and display image, actively cultivate and practice socialist core values, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, inherit revolutionary culture and develop advanced culture, and strive to create a Chinese culture that shines in the era and shines in the world. We should strengthen the construction of social governance system, constantly promote social fairness and justice, and maintain social stability and order. We will strengthen the construction of system of ecological civilization and implement the strictest ecological environment protection system. We must resolutely get rid of all institutional and institutional obstacles that hinder development and the barriers to solidification of interests, accelerate the formation of a systematic, scientific, standardized and effective system, and promote the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped.

　　Sixth, we must adhere to development as the top priority and constantly enhance China’s comprehensive national strength. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up enlightens us that liberating and developing social productive forces and enhancing the comprehensive national strength of socialist countries are the essential requirements and fundamental tasks of socialism. Only by firmly grasping the center of economic construction, unswervingly adhering to the strategic idea that development is the last word, development should be scientific development and high-quality development, and promoting sustained and healthy economic and social development, can we comprehensively enhance China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength and comprehensive national strength, and lay a solid material foundation for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　On the way forward, we must focus on solving the contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced development, which is the main social contradiction, resolutely implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, make overall plans to promote the "five in one" overall layout, coordinate and promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, promote high-quality development, promote the synchronous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, and accelerate the construction of a modern economic system. We must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, actively change the development mode, optimize the economic structure, change the growth momentum, actively expand domestic demand, implement the strategy of regional coordinated development, implement the strategy of rural revitalization, and resolutely fight the tough battle of preventing and resolving major risks, accurately getting rid of poverty and preventing pollution. We must adhere to the concept that innovation is the first driving force and talent is the first resource, implement the innovation-driven development strategy, improve the national innovation system, accelerate the independent innovation of key core technologies, and create a new engine for economic and social development. We should strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, firmly establish the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, form a green development mode and lifestyle, make our great motherland more beautiful, and let people live in a beautiful environment with bluer sky, greener mountains and clearer water.

　　Seventh, we must persist in opening wider to the outside world and constantly promote the building of a community of human destiny. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up enlightens us that opening-up brings progress, while closure is bound to lag behind. The development of China cannot be separated from the world, and the prosperity of the world also needs China. We have made overall plans for both domestic and international situations, adhered to the basic national policy of opening to the outside world, and implemented a proactive opening policy, forming a new pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging opening-up, which has created a good international environment and opened up broad development space for China.

　　On the way forward, we must hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, abide by the foreign policy purpose of safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, and promote the construction of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation. We should respect the right of people of all countries to choose their own development path, safeguard international fairness and justice, advocate the democratization of international relations, and oppose imposing our will on others, interfering in other countries’ internal affairs, and bullying the weak by the strong. We must play the role of a responsible big country, support the development of developing countries, actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system, and work together to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, cleanliness and beauty. We should support an open, transparent, inclusive and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system, promote the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, and push economic globalization towards a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction. We should focus on building the "Belt and Road" and work with all parties to create a new platform for international cooperation and add new impetus to the common development of the world. China will never develop itself at the expense of other countries’ interests and will never give up its legitimate rights and interests. China pursues a defensive national defense policy, and the development of China poses no threat to any country. No matter how developed China is, it will never seek hegemony.

　　Eighth, we must adhere to the strict administration of the party in an all-round way and constantly improve its creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening-up has inspired us: we must strike while the iron is hot. The key to China’s success lies in the Party, and the key lies in upholding the Party’s management of the Party and strictly administering the Party in an all-round way. Only when our Party leads the great social revolution of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, unswervingly pushes forward the great self-revolution of the Party, dares to remove all viruses that erode the Party’s healthy body, enables the Party to constantly purify itself, improve itself, innovate itself and improve itself, and constantly strengthens its political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization and social appeal, can it ensure that the Party always maintains flesh-and-blood ties with the people.

　　On the way forward, we must follow the general requirements of party building in the new era, take political construction as the guide, constantly push forward the new great project of party building, constantly enhance the unity and creativity of the whole party, constantly enhance the ruling ability of the whole party, and make the party stronger and more powerful. We must persist in examining ourselves with the requirements of the development of the times, alert ourselves with a strong sense of urgency, strengthen and improve ourselves with the spirit of reform and innovation, exercise and improve ourselves in dealing with risks and challenges, purify and purify ourselves in solving outstanding contradictions and problems within the party, and constantly improve the level of managing the party. We should insist on having both ability and political integrity, putting morality first and appointing people on their merits, and strive to cultivate a team of high-quality cadres and grand talents who are loyal and clean. With the tenacity and persistence of anti-corruption forever on the road, we should deepen the treatment of both symptoms and root causes, resolutely eliminate all corrupt elements, ensure the integrity of cadres, clean government and clear politics, and create a political ecology of Haiyan and Heqing for continuing to promote reform and opening up.

　　Ninth, we must adhere to the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism and correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: China is a big country, and we must not make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues. We insist on the combination of strengthening the party’s leadership and respecting the people’s initiative, the combination of "crossing the river by feeling the stones" and top-level design, the unity of problem-oriented and goal-oriented, and the promotion of pilot projects first and comprehensive promotion, which not only encourages bold attempts, but also insists on seeking truth from facts and doing good deeds, ensuring the stability and far-reaching reform and opening up.

　　On the way forward, we should strengthen strategic thinking, dialectical thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking, bottom line thinking, macro thinking and top-level design, adhere to the problem orientation, focus on the outstanding contradictions and problems facing China’s development, conduct in-depth investigation and study, encourage grassroots to explore boldly, adhere to the connection between reform decision-making and legislative decision-making, and constantly improve the scientific nature of reform decision-making. We should show the tenacity of grasping the iron and leaving a mark on the stone, do a good job of implementation with the spirit of nailing, and ensure that all major reform measures are implemented. We must not only dare to be the first in the world, but also actively and steadily, unify reform, development and stability, adhere to the same direction, keep the road unbiased, and make efforts to promote reform and opening up in the new era to be more stable and further.

　　Comrades and friends!

　　It is the strategic task of China’s socialist modernization to adhere to the unity of enriching the country and strengthening the army and build a consolidated national defense and a strong army commensurate with China’s international status and national security and development interests. We should fully implement the Party’s thought of strengthening the army in the new era, uphold the Party’s absolute leadership over the army, grasp the development trend of the new military revolution in the world, adhere to the road of strengthening the army with China characteristics, comprehensively deepen the reform of national defense and the army, promote political army building, reform and strengthen the army, develop the army through science and technology, and govern the army according to law, build a people’s army that listens to the Party’s command, can win battles and has a good work style, and strive to build a world-class army, in order to safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests.

　　The great concept of "one country, two systems" has great vitality. We should fully and accurately implement the principles of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong" and "Macao people ruling Macao" and a high degree of autonomy, act in strict accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, improve the systems and mechanisms related to the implementation of the Basic Law, maintain the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao, support and promote their better integration into the overall situation of national development, and let Hong Kong and Macao compatriots share the historical responsibility of national rejuvenation and the great glory of the motherland’s prosperity and strength with the people of the motherland.

　　Realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese people and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. We should adhere to the one-China principle and the "1992 Consensus", consolidate and develop the foundation for the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, deepen cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and benefit compatriots on both sides of the strait. We have firm political determination and strong ability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and no inch of the sacred territory of the motherland can be split!

　　Comrades and friends!

　　The people of China have a great dream spirit, and the Chinese nation is full of the spirit of reform and opening up. Thousands of years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation adhered to the spirit of "Although Zhou was an old country, his life was renewed" and started the great practice of creating Chinese civilization. Since ancient times, numerous political reforms have taken place on the land of China, leaving behind heroic declarations such as "if the world is not governed together, the country will be lawless and ancient". Since ancient times, with the broad mind of "Great Harmony in the World" and "Harmony in All Nations", the Chinese nation has confidently and generously carried out ethnic exchanges and cultural exchanges outside the same region. It once wrote Long song, the vast silk road of Camel Bell Wan Li Wave in Wan Li, and once created the prosperous Tang Dynasty atmosphere of Chang ‘an, the national costume club. It is this spirit of reform and opening-up that makes Chinese civilization the only splendid civilization in human history that has lasted for more than 5,000 years. With thousands of years’ historical view, reform and opening-up are generally the historical normal of China. The Chinese nation continues to move towards the future with the attitude of reform and opening up, which has far-reaching historical origins and profound cultural roots.

　　A country as big as ours should be ambitious. Comrade Mao Zedong said: "Winning the national victory is only the first step after the Long March. If this step is also worthy of pride, it is relatively small, and more proud is yet to come. Looking at the victory of the people’s democratic revolution in China after several decades, people will feel that it is just a short prelude to a long play. The play must start from the prologue, but the prologue is not the climax. " "We are not only good at destroying an old world, but also good at building a new one."

　　At the beginning of the reform and opening up, although our country was large, with a large population and a weak foundation, we were faced with many difficulties and challenges, but we were full of confidence in the future and designed a grand blueprint for basically realizing socialist modernization in three steps in more than 70 years. Without extraordinary courage and firm self-confidence, we could not make such a grand vision and decision.

　　Over the past 40 years, we have insisted that Qingshan will not relax and move towards this great goal rain or shine. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward a higher goal for China’s development, formed a strategic arrangement from building a well-off society in an all-round way to basically realizing modernization and then building a socialist modernized power in an all-round way, and issued the strongest voice for realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The ancients said: "Those who do things are born with care, succeed in doing things, and lose pride." Great dreams are not to be waited for or shouted, but to be spelled out and done. We are now in a time when it is more urgent to wander in the middle of a boat and steeper when people reach the middle of a mountain road. It is a time when it is more difficult and more dangerous to advance, but if you don’t advance, you will retreat and have to enter. Reform and opening up have come a long way in Qian Shan, but we still need to cross mountains and rivers. The mission before the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups is more glorious, the task is more arduous, the challenge is more severe and the work is greater. In this era of Qian Fan’s competitive development and numerous struggles, we must not be complacent and complacent, and we must never be hesitant and hesitant. We must take charge of great struggles, great projects, great undertakings and great dreams, stand on the forefront and fight bravely.

　　Faith, faith and confidence are crucial at all times. As small as a person, a collective, as big as a political party, a nation and a country, as long as they have faith, belief and confidence, they will become more frustrated and more brave, otherwise they will be defeated and defeated without fighting. Regardless of the past, present and future, faith in Marxism, faith in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and confidence in realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are all powerful spiritual forces that guide and support the people of China to stand up, get rich and become strong.

　　Comrades and friends!

　　Forty years of stormy waves lapping on the shore, nine years of Wan Li Fengpeng is a positive move. The reason why rivers can break through the precipice and seize the pass is because they have accumulated the great power of the flood and the wilderness. In the long historical process since modern times, the people of China have experienced too many hardships, sacrificed too much, and fought too much. Now, the great energy accumulated by the people of China and the Chinese nation in the historical process has fully exploded, providing an overwhelming and majestic force for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Building a modern socialist country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a relay race. We must run one after another, and each generation must run a good result for the next generation.

　　The whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups should unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission, carry out reform and opening up to the end, constantly realize the people’s longing for a better life, and create new and greater miracles for the Chinese nation in the new era! Create new and greater miracles that make the world sit up and take notice!

　　Xinhua News Agency, Hefei, July 11th: Being tested on the crest of flood peak — — Scanning of Anhui’s fight against rare floods in history

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Heavy rain! Heavy rain! 31 rivers exceed the warning water level; There are 1100 dangerous situations in river dikes; 106 weikou with an area of more than 1,000 mu were broken; More than 430 thousand people fought day and night in the front line of flood control; Emergency transfer and resettlement of more than 1 million people … …

　　At present, flood is the command! In this war of flood control and fighting against the flood, the affected areas in Anhui Province acted quickly. party member cadres at all levels, officers and men of the armed police and the people fought side by side to ensure the safety of people’s lives and property, and strive to minimize the disaster losses, composing a heroic song of "Fighting the Heaven and Fighting the Earth" in Jianghuai.

　　In times of crisis, they are the ark of life.

　　His back clung to the rushing torrent, such as the torrential rain, and he couldn’t open his eyes. Pan Dongxu climbed on his back, climbed his hands and feet on a steel rope, slid across a river where a bridge of six or seven meters collapsed, and arrived at Changyuan Village, which was besieged by the flood, and became the first rescue cadre to arrive.

　　"I was soaked through, my hair was stuck on my forehead, and I looked embarrassed." Wang Caijin, a villager from Changyuan Village, Wujiadian Town, Jinzhai County, recalled the appearance of Pan Dongxu, secretary of the county party committee, when he stopped at his house, which was fresh in his memory. The villager who was once a little biased against cadres said, "I didn’t expect a county party secretary to really put his life on the line to save the villagers." Pan Dongxu’s image of "being in a mess" has also attracted unanimous praise from public opinion. In two days, his video of zip line rescue has been clicked more than 400,000 times.

　　Anhui, which runs through the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, is suffering from the flood that is second only to that in 1954. All the lakes along the river are over-alert, and the inland rivers are generally flooded and dangerous. As of July 7, 106 weikou with an area of over 360,000 mu have been broken in the whole province, including 7 weikou with an area of over 10,000 mu.

　　"When the water rises, people are on the embankment", a striking red slogan stands on the Zhanghuwei in Wangjiang County. In the most critical "May 9 Wei" embankment, more than 300 officers and men of the Second Armed Police Hydropower Detachment and the Anqing Armed Police Detachment fought day and night here. They only rested for three or four hours every day, their feet were red and swollen, and their shoulders were worn out by sandbags, but they still stood on the embankment and stood in the flood. Due to extreme fatigue, some soldiers fell asleep after the rescue, wearing clothes full of mud and lying on the embankment.

　　Where there is danger, there are soldiers! Since the disaster occurred, the Anhui Military Region and the Provincial Armed Police Corps have successively dispatched more than 30,000 officers and men to block piping and protect dikes, and built a great steel wall between floods and the masses!

　　"In the face of the flood, our soldiers gave us courage, and party member cadres gave us backing." In the front line of emergency rescue and flood control in Anhui, such words have become the common aspiration of the masses.

　　Scientific flood control, life first.

　　There have been 31 rivers in Anhui that have exceeded the warning water level, of which 13 have exceeded the highest water level in history, and more than 1,000 dikes have been in danger … … Even if the turbid waves are monstrous and dangerous, there is nothing more precious between heaven and earth than people.

　　"I would rather listen to the masses and not listen to the masses crying." In the face of the rare flood with rainfall and inland water level "exceeding history", Xi Nanshan, secretary of Wuwei County Party Committee, asked party member cadres in the county to ensure the safety of their lives when transferring the affected people.

　　Xi Nanshan said that there has been no major flood in the Yangtze River basin for more than ten years, and many people have underestimated the disaster situation. There are many cases in which they do not want to leave during the relocation and resettlement. Finally, we demand that they must be forcibly taken away and the people in the dangerous areas should be carried out on their backs.

　　In order to ensure the safety of people’s lives to the greatest extent, Anhui Province adheres to the concept of respecting nature and combining blocking with dredging, and resolutely and decisively transfers people in high-risk areas such as low-standard dikes and reservoir flood discharge affected areas. Adhere to the principle of "storing and discharging at the same time", dispatch key pumping stations in advance to pump and discharge internal water and important reservoirs to receive floods at peak shifts, and timely dispatch flood storage areas to open floodgates to store floods and divert floods.

　　Various high-tech flood-fighting "artifacts" have also been quickly applied to flood control and disaster relief. In Wangjiang County, a domestic mobile folding water blocking wall has become a unique landscape for dam reinforcement. This water-blocking wall is several times faster than traditional sandbags, and it is not afraid of scouring, making it the first flood-fighting "artifact" in domestic disaster relief.

　　First-level response, card running and dike patrol, and coordinated military and civilian dispatch & HELIP; … In the face of rare floods, all walks of life go all out and unite as one!

　　Pan Hong, a community cadre who is still on duty for 12 hours every day on the dam after five months of pregnancy, said: "The rainstorm is urgent, and our hearts are even more urgent."

　　Seeing the flood approaching, all the cadres in sanhe town Zhongjie Community in Feixi were divided into two classes, and they took turns to be on duty on the dam 24 hours a day. More than 50 volunteers from the community volunteered to guard the dam together with grassroots cadres and army officers and soldiers.

　　Volunteers are active in the resettlement sites of the victims and in the flood-fighting levees. Many rivers in Taihu County, Anqing City have experienced super-historical floods. The swimming association of this county has formed a 34-member rescue team. In recent days, they have risked their lives to rescue in the rapid floods and become an important force in flood control and danger removal. All kinds of volunteers have played an important role in flood fighting and disaster relief. Some of them take care of the elderly at resettlement sites, some donate money and materials to the victims, some set up disaster relief teams to help villagers transfer their property, and some patrol the dangerous dams day and night … …

　　The big exam is still going on: sit tight and wait for it.

　　On July 11th, the latest weather forecast showed that the impact of Typhoon Nibert on Anhui was coming to an end, and the Yangtze River Basin in Anhui Province ushered in a short period of sunny and little rain. However, the water level of the Yangtze River is still rising; The tributary rivers and lakes are high; The resettlement population has exceeded one million … … The "alert" along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province has not been lifted.

　　Never slacken, be ready, and go all out. Anhui sent discipline inspection forces to go deep into the front line of flood control to supervise the war. More than 400,000 people in the province continue to fight and do their best to protect river banks, resettle victims, carry out health and epidemic prevention, and rebuild after the disaster.

　　At 700 centralized resettlement sites in the province, thousands of government workers and volunteers worked day and night to ensure that the affected people "have food, clothing, shelter, clean water and medical care" in strict accordance with the requirements of "five haves" put forward by Anhui Province.

　　In Huanglong Junior High School, a resettlement site in Huanglong Town, Huaining County, Anqing City, the reporter saw that among the more than 680 people transferred, some were enjoying the cool under the trees, some were taking a lunch break in their rooms, and some children were playing … … It’s calm and warm here under the catastrophe. Yao Jia, a villager, said: "The government is very considerate for us."

　　It is reported that the Yangtze River Basin in Anhui Province will encounter heavy rainfall in the future. In the face of possible basin floods and secondary disasters, Anhui Province has put forward efforts to make emergency preparations for flood control to ensure the safety of people’s lives and important dikes and facilities.

　　The flood has not receded, and the big exam will continue … …

　　(Reporter Wang Zhengzhong, Wang Shengzhi, Yang Yuhua, Jiang Gang, Yang Dingmiao, Chen Nuo, Bao Xiaojing)

CCTV News:2018 is destined to be recorded in the history books of the two countries. After Kim Dae-jung, pyongyang sunan international airport once again welcomed the special plane of the South Korean President after 18 years. On the morning of September 18th, Moon Jae in arrived in Pyongyang and began a three-day visit to the DPRK.

In the face of the South Korean President’s visit, North Korea showed the greatest sincerity: Kim Jong-un, the top leader of North Korea, personally greeted him at the airport and hugged Moon Jae in. North Korea’s core high-level officials were all present: Jin Yongnan, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People’s Assembly of the DPRK, Cui Longhai, Vice Chairman of the Workers’ Party Central Committee, and Jin Yuzheng, Kim Jong-un’s sister and First Deputy Minister of the Workers’ Party Central Committee.

At noon on the 19th, after the second inter-Korean summit, Kim Jong-un invited South Korean President Moon Jae in and his wife and his entourage to dine at the Yuliu Pavilion on the Datong River in Pyongyang. Although the specific menu has not been announced, the representative dish of this restaurant — — Pyongyang is cold.

Screenshot of Korean TV screen: It is Pyongyang’s cold noodles on the table.

Screenshot of Korean TV screen

According to the official news released by South Korea, President Moon Jae in arrived in Pyongyang with a delegation of 66 people from South Korea’s political, business, academic and cultural circles. It is worth mentioning that the Korean government specially invited the heads of four major Korean groups to accompany him, including Lee Jae-yong, vice president of Samsung Electronics, Jin Ronghuan, vice president of Hyundai Motor Group, Cui Taiyuan, chairman of SK Group, and Ju Guangmo, president of LG Group.

Another focus of the meeting between the DPRK and the ROK leaders in Pyongyang is the economic cooperation between the ROK and the DPRK. CNN pointed out that in August, Moon Jae in put forward an ambitious plan aimed at upgrading and docking the economies of the two countries and allowing South Korea to build land routes with the Asian continent, thus opening up lucrative potential trade and infrastructure connections; These plans may eventually benefit Samsung and other large family businesses in South Korea. Some scholars also believe that South Korea took the initiative to bring the head of the chaebol to North Korea, which may be a good start for South Korean capital to enter Pyongyang. Therefore, although we can’t know the specific ranking of the Korean delegation when dining in the Yuliu Pavilion, it can be seen from the existing TV pictures that the heads of the four major Korean groups are sitting not far from Moon Jae in.

The person in the red circle is Lee Jae-yong, vice president of Samsung Electronics.

In addition, from the limited TV pictures, we can see a very interesting picture: when this famous dish — — When Pyongyang’s cold noodles were served on the table, almost everyone was feasting. Only Cui Taiyuan, the chairman of SK Group, was busy taking out his camera, putting it on his chest and shooting something at the table. It is estimated that the Korean economic giant could not put it down and wanted it to remain in his memory forever. Strangely, in an era when smart phones are so developed, the South Korean economic tycoon abandoned his mobile phone and took a digital camera with him? This is because the North Korean side has always had strict control over mobile phones. According to the requirements of the North Korean Customs, foreigners are not allowed to bring their mobile phones into the country, and they are required to store their mobile phones before leaving the country.

Cui Taiyuan, Chairman of SK Group (left) and Lee Jae-yong, Vice President of Samsung Electronics (right)

Foreign media commented that Moon Jae in’s visit to the DPRK with Lee Jae-yong and other business leaders further showed that the relationship between the Korean government and the largest company group was thawing.

　　Most domestic institutions do not sign labor contracts with employees, and acquaintances only verbally agree on related matters.

　　Investigation on the current situation of labor rights and interests protection of domestic service personnel

　　With the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more families choose to hire nannies and caregivers, especially in the context of the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy and the deepening trend of aging, the domestic service market is growing. However, with the increasing number of domestic service employees, the protection of domestic workers’ labor rights and interests has become increasingly prominent.

　　Recently, the second China (Guangzhou) Family Service Industry Roundtable was held. The conference released the first data report of China domestic industry "led by government departments and combined with Industry-University-Research". According to the report, the data shows that the expenditure on domestic service has been increasing in double digits since this year, and there is a strong demand for maternal and child care, family education and nursing care. Domestic service is still mainly introduced by acquaintances, but more than half of domestic servants have not purchased relevant insurance.

　　At the same time, some media reported that many domestic workers said that they did not sign relevant contracts or agreements with domestic agencies or employers during their domestic service, especially when the employers were introduced by acquaintances.

　　What problems do domestic workers face in the protection of labor rights and interests without purchasing relevant insurance and signing contracts or agreements? The "Legal Daily" reporter investigated this.

　　Intermediaries do not sign contracts with domestic workers.

　　In May this year, Yang Ting came to Beijing from her hometown of Qingdao, Shandong Province. After being introduced by the villagers, she went to a housekeeping company for training.

　　"A housekeeping company, in fact, that is an intermediary. After a few days of training, the company registered me. When there is a job, they will release information and apply if I think it is appropriate. " Yang Ting said.

　　Yang Ting told reporters that she had applied for a job in Yueyue. After seeing the employment information released by the intermediary, she felt that the workplace was close to the place where she rented, so she decided to go for an interview.

　　"After the interview, the other party thinks that I am more suitable, and then the price is negotiated, and this matter can basically be settled." Yang Ting said.

　　Yang Ting told reporters that after the interview and negotiation with the employer, the intermediary will prepare an agreement, which will be signed by the intermediary, the employer and herself.

　　"It is to sign such an agreement, and the company will draw a certain commission from my first month’s salary as an intermediary fee, and then there will be nothing for the company." Yang Ting said.

　　Do you sign labor contracts or other agreements with domestic companies? "There is nothing else. When it is finished at an employer’s house, an agreement will be re-signed when the new employer is replaced. There is nothing else. " Yang Ting said.

　　Domestic companies are more willing to introduce new people.

　　In order to learn more about the domestic industry, the reporter of Legal Daily contacted Wang Min, a domestic worker.

　　Wang Min is from Cangzhou, Hebei Province and currently lives in Changping, Beijing. "I have been in this business for 10 years. I used to work in the property and later worked as a housekeeper." Wang Min said.

　　According to Wang Min, none of the domestic companies and intermediaries she worked for signed labor contracts. "I do cleaning, and after the company introduces the work, I will sign a contract or agreement with the company and the employer, and the time can be managed for one year. The first month’s salary is given to the company, and they will deduct 20% before giving it to me. In the second month, the employer will give me money directly. "

　　Wang Min told reporters that during this year, if the employer doesn’t need her, the company will arrange another job for her and will not charge extra money.

　　"I also worked in a leather bag company. Such a leather bag company contracts the work of the property and then recruits from the society. We will go to any household arranged by the company, and we will be paid monthly. Such a leather bag company will not sign any agreement. " Wang Min said.

　　As a matter of fact, the rights and interests of domestic workers can not be guaranteed when only a tripartite agreement is signed. During 10 years of working experience in domestic service, Wang Min has met several "unreasonable" domestic companies.

　　According to Wang Min, after signing the tripartite agreement of "managing for one year", she herself did not do it for one year several times.

　　"In this case, some companies will find me another one, but I have also met companies that have been slow to recommend new jobs." Wang Min said that after this happens, it will be a free introduction if the domestic company introduces it again. Generally speaking, companies will be more inclined to introduce jobs to "newcomers", so that companies can get 20% commission.

　　"The company usually makes me wait, but I just don’t want to find it. I am too lazy to find them. It is better to find another intermediary to earn some money when I have this time. " Wang Min said.

　　According to Wang Min, in the past 10 years, she has been wandering between many domestic companies and intermediaries in this way, and she will go if there is a suitable job. If there is a breach of contract and she doesn’t continue to introduce the work, she will change to another domestic company or intermediary.

　　Tripartite agreement on online domestic service

　　In the interview, the reporter found that with the development of "internet plus", many people are used to calling domestic service on websites or apps.

　　The reporter downloaded a housekeeping App, which can provide a variety of common housekeeping services, such as hourly workers, nannies, household appliances cleaning and so on. The reporter invited a nanny through this housekeeping App. Later, when the reporter called the nanny through the contact information provided by the housekeeping App, he was told that he had found the wrong person. About an hour later, a man called and claimed to be from a housekeeping company, asking about the nanny just now.

　　During the chat, the man claimed to be the staff of the above-mentioned housekeeping App. After the reporter informed him of the relevant requirements, he said that he could arrange an interview with a nanny.

　　The reporter also asked about the relationship between the nanny who arranged the interview and the housekeeping App. The man said that the nanny is their company.

　　Did the nanny sign a contract with the company? The man said that the nanny had signed a contract with the company and was a staff member of the company, so you can rest assured.

　　However, the man then told reporters that the employer needs to sign a tripartite agreement with the housekeeping App and nanny.

　　Since the nanny has signed a contract with the company, the employer only needs to sign a contract with the company, so why sign a tripartite agreement? When the reporter asked questions, the staff was vague and then hung up.

　　Acquaintances will not sign any agreements.

　　In addition to the introduction through domestic companies or intermediaries, the introduction between acquaintances is also a common form for domestic service personnel to find job opportunities.

　　Will the introduction between acquaintances sign a labor contract or a labor agreement?

　　Ms. Liu, who lives in Shijingshan District, Beijing, recently invited a nanny to her mother through an acquaintance.

　　Ms. Liu told reporters that she was not at home at ordinary times, and her mother had difficulties in taking care of herself. So she invited a nanny from her hometown in Hebei under the introduction of her neighbors.

　　"I didn’t sign any agreement with the nanny, it was a verbal agreement. The nanny works alone, without a company or an intermediary, and is introduced by acquaintances. " Ms. Liu said.

　　Ms. Zhang, who lives in Fengtai District, Beijing, also invited a new moon under the introduction of acquaintances.

　　"We didn’t sign a contract or agreement with Yueyue, just verbally. At first, it was a month. Later, my mother came from other places to help take care of the children, so she let Yueyue leave and Yueyue didn’t say anything. " Ms. Zhang said.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, the domestic workers in this article are pseudonyms.)

　　(Cartography/Li Xiaojun reporter Du Xiao Zhang Xichen)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, July 6th Title: The water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has maintained Class II for three consecutive years.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Hui Xiaoyong, Li Siyuan and Tanaka Quan.

　　The reporter recently learned from a marching interview along the Yangtze River that with the continuous implementation of the great protection of the Yangtze River, the water ecological quality of the Yangtze River has improved significantly. According to the data of the Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, since 2020, the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has remained Class II for three consecutive years, and the Yangtze River, which was once "not seriously ill", has achieved "initial recovery after illness".

　　"The national control section of the main stream of the Yangtze River has reached Class II water quality for three consecutive years, which meets the drinking water standard." Xu Yi, director of the Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that overall, the health level of the water ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin has improved year by year, and the ecological function has been significantly improved. The proportion of water quality section with Grade III in the Yangtze River Basin has increased from 81.8% in 2015 to 98.1% in 2022.

　　Yangtze finless porpoises play in the water (photo taken on May 11, 2021, photo of drones). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu photo

　　The Yangtze River, the mother river of the Chinese nation, has nourished thousands of waters and Qian Shan for thousands of years. Influenced by the extensive development mode for many years, "the Yangtze River is sick, and it is not very sick". In recent years, all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the Yangtze River basin have placed the restoration of the Yangtze River ecology in an overwhelming position, and successively implemented the "closing and moving" of chemical enterprises along the Yangtze River, the comprehensive improvement of the Yangtze River coastline, and the 10-year fishing ban in key waters of the basin … … Many "operations" and several doses of "good medicine" have gradually solved a series of water ecological problems in the Yangtze River.

　　Up to now, a total of 60,000 kilometers of river and lake shorelines have been investigated in the Yangtze River basin, and more than 85,000 sewage outlets have been found, which has solved more than 42,000 problems of direct and disorderly sewage discharge. 1,703 centralized sewage treatment facilities were built in provincial and above industrial parks, and 752 problems such as imperfect sewage pipe network and abnormal operation of facilities were solved. 1054 tailings ponds with environmental problems have been rectified.

　　The monitoring personnel measured the water ecological environment parameters on the spot (photo taken on May 13, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu photo

　　People don’t live up to rivers, and rivers will live up to people. At present, the Yangtze River, finless porpoises frequently appear, and the number has gradually increased to 1249, becoming the new favorite of cities along the Yangtze River; The frequency of the fish disappeared in the Yangtze River for many years increased rapidly. Coilia ectenes, one of the "Three Seasons of the Yangtze River", returned to Dongting Lake to lay eggs. In 2022, 193 species of fish were detected in key waters of the Yangtze River, an increase of 25 species compared with 2020.

　　Institutional changes related to the water ecological protection of the Yangtze River are also under way. At present, the Yangtze River basin is taking the lead in pilot water ecological assessment, which is another major progress and innovation in ecological protection.

　　"From focusing only on water quality in the past to focusing on water ecological changes now, it marks that the main task of water ecological protection in the Yangtze River has shifted from water pollution prevention to equal emphasis on overall water ecological protection and restoration." Xu Wei said.

　　In Xunwu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, there are such a group of children who can get in touch with science and technology at "zero distance" in school and fly their innovative wings;

　　There is also such a teacher who combines theory with practice, imparting scientific knowledge in the classroom and caring for children’s scientific dream in the mountains … …

Physics teacher as "curator"

　　Huang Caifa is a physics teacher of Xunwu Middle School in Xunwu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, deputy director of the school’s scientific research department and director of the science and technology center, and a backbone teacher of physics in Ganzhou City.

　　In order to let the concept of science and technology take root among students, in 2015, a science and technology museum of a rural middle school landed in Xunwu Middle School. As the founder, Huang Caifa also served as the "curator" and worked hard on this voluntary work as a career.

　　According to the actual education and teaching in the school, he took "building the Science and Technology Museum of Xunwu Middle School into a popular science education base loved by teachers and students" as the goal, and established the Science and Technology Museum as the purpose of "exciting interest, experiencing, improving and innovating", and built a good platform for teachers and students of Xunwu Middle School to get in touch with science and technology at zero distance.

　　Huang Caifa also organized a science and technology group in Xunwu Middle School. The members of the group gave full play to their respective advantages and worked together to make the science and technology group an important organization to strengthen science and technology education in the school.

　　In order to strengthen contact and communication with students and give timely feedback on the effect of popular science work, he also creatively set up science and technology interest groups in each class to guide students to actively participate in science and technology activities.

　　The children’s eyes lit up. What was quietly changing in this small county that was still struggling with poverty at that time.

　　Xunwu Middle School has set off an unprecedented upsurge in physics learning, and the results of various competitions have blossomed. Graduates have successively passed the Tsinghua of Peking University and pursued their dreams in higher institutions.

Open the door of science and sow the seeds of dreams.

　　In view of the problems that the facilities of the science and technology museum in rural middle schools can’t be updated in time and the limited number of exhibits can’t meet the growing demand for scientific and technological knowledge of students, Huang Caifa explored seven new contents of scientific and technological education activities suitable for the characteristics of the science and technology museum in rural middle schools:

one

Let students give popular science lessons to parents.

　　In view of the current phenomenon that some people illegally use electric fish, he asked students to give parents relevant popular science classes in the county youth activity center to show the safety hidden dangers of simple electric fish tools and their harm to the ecological balance, and achieved good publicity results.

2

Hold a thematic photography exhibition

　　Led by Huang Caifa, the school and Xunwu County Photography Association jointly launched a photo exhibition with the theme of "protecting the source of Dongjiang River and creating green and seeking Wu", which not only aroused people’s awareness of environmental protection, but also raised their awareness of the importance of green mountains and green rivers.

three

Conduct lectures and publicity activities on traffic safety travel knowledge.

　　In view of the fact that there are many electric vehicles in Xunwu County and people’s awareness of traffic safety is not strong, the school cooperated with the county traffic police brigade to carry out traffic safety travel knowledge lectures and publicity activities in the north square of the county, and achieved good results.

　　Since then, the phenomenon of students riding electric cars to school has been effectively curbed.

four

R&D and promotion of children’s enlightenment related content

　　Huang Caifa promoted the cooperation between the school and Little Newton, an educational institution for children’s scientific enlightenment, helped to develop and promote enlightenment courses, products and activities for children, and extended popular science education to children.

five

Build five more rural middle school science and technology museums

　　With the help of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and China Science and Technology Museum Development Fund, Xunwu County has built five rural middle school science and technology museums. Huang Caifa used holidays to go to various science and technology museums in a planned way to guide their activities.

　　It is particularly worth mentioning that Huang Caifa also helped Chengjiang Middle School successfully declare the "2019 Science and Technology Museum in Action" activity, which expanded the influence of popular science activities.

six

Science and Technology Museum Open Day "Experiencing Science"

　　In the "Experience Science" activity of Xunwu Middle School Science and Technology Museum Open Day in 2018, on the one hand, Huang Caifa organized students to actively participate in the Xunwu County exhibition tour of China Mobile Science and Technology Museum and go to the Dongjiangyuan venue to experience science;

　　On the other hand, in the open day of Xunwu Middle School Science and Technology Museum held for the teachers and students of the whole school, Huang Caifa arranged the teachers and students of the school to participate in the activities in an orderly manner. At the same time, he also invited the parents of the students to participate in it, so that the teachers, students and parents could receive science education and participate in science popularization activities at close range.

　　It’s not enough to experience the exhibits. There are many activities such as popular science handwritten blackboard newspaper appraisal activities, robot assembly competitions and drone flight test experience, which enrich students’ spare time.

seven

Poverty alleviation does not forget popular science education

　　The Science and Technology Museum not only benefited the students of Xunwu Middle School, but also sent it to a more remote village.

　　In the field, it is difficult to walk by car, so he rides a motorcycle for an hour or two, carrying robots, kongmingsuo, small drones, popular science books and so on down to the countryside to spread scientific knowledge for farmers’ children and stimulate their interest in science.

　　Although the activities of the Science and Technology Museum in Xunwu Middle School are still in the primary stage of exploration and experience, with the efforts of Huang Caifa, good results have been achieved in science and technology aid and popular science:

　　Students’ interest in science has increased, their enthusiasm and initiative in learning have been enhanced, and the results of academic competitions have steadily increased, and the flowers of popular science have begun to bloom in the surrounding towns … …

Hard work has brought fruitful results.

　　In 2017 and 2018, as a volunteer of China Science and Technology Museum Development Foundation, Huang Caifa actively participated in the training course for science and technology teachers of rural middle school science and technology museums organized by the Science Department of China Association for Science and Technology and China Science and Technology Museum Development Foundation, and strived to improve his scientific and technological literacy.

　　Under his hard work, in 2017, Xunwu Middle School Science and Technology Museum was rated as an excellent rural middle school science and technology museum; In the National Science Popularization Day in 2018, the "Puzzle and Interesting Robot Assembly Competition" organized by him was warmly received and won the "Best Activity Award".

I am a country baby myself,

I deeply understand children.

Curiosity and desire for science,

I would like to be a place where they can.

A bridge to the hall of science and technology.

　　Huang Caifa’s passion for science is rooted in the ordinary, the mountains and the children’s dreams of science.

　　In him, although there are no earth-shattering deeds, we have seen an ordinary physics teacher’s devotion to education and dedication.

　　Learn to be true and be sincere, and Huang Caifa will continue to be the bridge between children and the science and technology hall!