Shanghai Port Container Terminal, Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Xinhua news agency
Fuzhou Airport Port ushered in a small peak of inbound and outbound passenger flow during Spring Festival travel rush. Xinhua news agency
Villagers in Rong ‘an County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province show kumquat just picked. Xinhua news agency
In the body workshop of BMW Brilliance Dadong Factory in Shenyang, the robot arm is manufacturing the body. Xinhua news agency
Qingdao Port Fully Automated Terminal (Phase II) was put into operation. Xinhua news agency
The new year market in Kunming, Yunnan is booming. Xinhua news agency
The staff in Yiwu China Import Commodity City put the imported red wine that has just arrived. Xinhua news agency
[Economic Interface]
Time flies like a blink. Looking back on 2019, there are too many people, too many things and too many important moments in my memory. The grand celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China seems to be yesterday, and 2020 has passed more than 20 days and nights. Looking back at the crucial year of 2019, there are many dimensions and perspectives. Not long ago, the centralized release of China’s annual economic report data made us discover a special way of memory — — Digital memory. This year, a series of iconic economic data were born in the sweat, showing the elegance of China, the strength of China and the spirit of China in a unique way.
The data is silent and rich in connotation. It tells the world, in a rational and rigorous way, what confidence and strength we have towards the first century-long goal of the Chinese nation.
Break through! These data freeze the moment when economic powers leap to a new level.
[Scene] On the morning of January 17th, 2020, the press conference hall of the State Council Information Office, No.11 West Chang ‘an Avenue, Beijing. Chinese and foreign journalists gathered, and reporters were already there at 8: 30. As soon as the official release time was 10: 00, a shocking message immediately spread all over the world through various new media platforms — — "heavy! China’s per capita GDP exceeded $10,000. " At the end of the press conference, it was nearly 12 noon, and reporters rushed to the front again, surrounded by Ning Ji Zhe, director of the National Bureau of Statistics, who still had many questions to answer.
Data 1
The per capita gross domestic product (GDP) has exceeded $10,000 — — Per capita GDP is the main index to compare the economic development level of various countries. Crossing this node, the income level, consumption structure, market scale and innovation conditions of a country’s residents will all reach a new level.
Data 2
6.1%— — In 2019, China’s GDP reached 99,086.5 billion yuan, close to 100 trillion yuan. Calculated at comparable prices, it increased by 6.1% over the previous year, in line with the expected target of 6%-6.5%.
Data 3
30733 yuan — — In 2019, the per capita disposable income of the national residents was 30,733 yuan, an increase of 8.9% over the previous year, and it exceeded 30,000 yuan for the first time. The growth rate was 0.2 percentage points faster than that of the previous year; After deducting the price factor, the real growth rate was 5.8%, which was basically in sync with the economic growth and roughly the same as the per capita GDP growth.
In 2019, China’s per capita GDP has exceeded $10,000, which is higher than the average level of upper-middle-income countries. "This not only means that China’s economic aggregate is constantly expanding, but also shows that the quality of China’s economic development is steadily improving and people’s lives are constantly improving, which not only lays a solid foundation for China to achieve a well-off society in an all-round way this year, but also makes our due contribution to the development and progress of all mankind. It has important symbolic significance. " Ning Ji Zhe said.
According to the data of the World Bank, the population of countries with a per capita GDP of more than $10,000 in 2018 is about 1.5 billion. As China, with a total population of 1.4 billion, steps into the ranks of countries with a per capita GDP of more than US$ 10,000, the population of countries in this ranks will be close to 3 billion. Of the more than 7 billion people in the world, due to China’s entry, the per capita GDP of 3 billion people has reached more than 10,000 US dollars. This is a great progress in human economic and social development, and also a contribution made by China as a developing and emerging economy to the world. Therefore, doing a good job in China is a contribution to the world.
Although per capita GDP and per capita disposable income are not the same concept, from the data point of view, "in 2019, the per capita disposable income of Chinese residents exceeded 30,000 yuan, which laid a good foundation for building a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020." Ning Ji Zhe said.
In 2019, China’s GDP grew by 6.1%, ranking first among the major economies in the world and ranking first among the economies with more than US$ 1 trillion.
From a global perspective, according to the forecast of Global Economic Outlook published by the World Bank in January 2020, the economy of high-income countries will grow by 1.7% and that of developing countries by 3.7% in 2019; Among them, the United States grew by 2.3%, the euro zone by 1.1%, Japan by 1.1%, Brazil by 1.1%, Russia by 1.2%, India by 5.0% and South Africa by 0.4%. Under the complicated situation of obvious increase in external risk challenges, China’s economy has maintained steady growth, showing strong resilience.
From the historical coordinates, this is a landmark data in the 70 years since the founding of New China. In 1952, China’s total GDP was only 67.9 billion yuan. In 1986, it exceeded the trillion yuan mark, in 2000 it exceeded the 10 trillion yuan mark, and in 2010 it surpassed Japan to become the second largest economy in the world. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the total GDP has reached 70 trillion yuan, 80 trillion yuan and 90 trillion yuan in five years, and it is close to 100 trillion yuan in 2019, contributing about 30% to the world economic growth.
At the same time, Ning Ji Zhe emphasized that we should also be soberly aware that the basic national conditions of China, which is in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, have not changed, and the problems of China’s large population, underdeveloped productive forces and inadequate development imbalance are still outstanding. China’s international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed. To build China into a modern socialist country and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we need to work hard for a long time.
Warm heart! These data confirm that building a well-off society in an all-round way is closer to us.
[Story] As the Spring Festival approaches, Ma Baoyin, a 61-year-old villager from Longerze Village, Gankunwan Town, Yanchuan County, Shaanxi Province, is about to usher in the first Lunar New Year in his spacious and bright new house. In May 2019, Yan ‘an bid farewell to absolute poverty as Yanchuan and Yichuan, the last two poverty-stricken counties in the revolutionary holy land of Yan ‘an, withdrew from poverty. The "two guarantees and three guarantees" for poor people in Yan ‘an have been basically realized, the rural infrastructure has been comprehensively improved, and 2.26 million people in the old liberated areas have started a new life towards a well-off society in an all-round way. Xue Zhanhai, Mayor of Yan ‘an, said that the focus of Yan ‘an’s poverty alleviation has shifted to the consolidation and promotion of poverty alleviation achievements, ensuring that no one is left behind and no one is left behind on the road to a well-off life in the old areas.
Data 1
11.09 million — — According to the latest statistics, another 11.09 million rural poor people have been lifted out of poverty, with more than 10 million people lifted out of poverty for seven consecutive years. According to the current poverty standards, by the end of 2019, the rural poor population had dropped to 5.51 million.
Data 2
More than 60% for the first time & mdash; — By the end of 2019, the proportion of urban resident population in the total population had reached 60.6%, exceeding 60% for the first time, which is a landmark data for China’s industrialization and urbanization.
Data 3
Four declines — — In 2019, China’s energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 2.6% compared with the previous year, and the Engel coefficient of the national residents decreased by 0.2 percentage points compared with the previous year, which decreased for eight consecutive years; The average concentration of PM2.5 in cities below the standard level and above decreased by 2.4% compared with the previous year, and the micro leverage ratio continued to decline steadily.
In 2019, faced with the complicated situation that risks and challenges at home and abroad have increased significantly, the China Municipal Government unswervingly implemented the new development concept, made great efforts to fight three tough battles, and handed over the report card of steady progress, laying a more solid foundation for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Han Wenxiu, deputy director of the Office of the Central Financial and Economic Committee, said that from the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and then to the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have always taken this as a strategic goal. After decades of struggle, decisive progress has been made in building a well-off society in an all-round way. It should be said that the achievements in building a well-off society in an all-round way are even better than originally expected.
In 2019, the intensity, depth and accuracy of China’s poverty alleviation work reached a new level, and the funds, projects and initiatives in deep poverty-stricken areas increased; Industry, employment, education, health and poverty alleviation have been solidly promoted, and about 340 poverty-stricken counties across the country have taken off their hats; The task of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" was basically completed.
According to the National New Urbanization Plan published by the State Council in 2014, the urbanization rate of permanent residents will reach about 60% in 2020. This also means that the urbanization rate of permanent residents will reach 60% one year ahead of schedule in 2019. Experts pointed out that with the urbanization rate exceeding 60%, China’s urbanization will gradually enter the second half and the second urbanization stage. Compared with the flow of population from township to city in the process of primary urbanization, secondary urbanization is the flow between cities, from small and medium-sized cities to central cities and metropolises.
According to the data of 2019, the contribution rate of final consumption expenditure to economic growth reached nearly 60%, and consumption played a fundamental role in China’s economic development, which was the first driving force for China’s economic growth. Quality, personalization and diversified consumption are active, and products such as wearable smart devices and smart household appliances are growing rapidly. Communication equipment and cosmetics products increased by 8.5% and 12.6% respectively.
This year’s economic work should focus on the advantages, focus on key points, fill shortcomings, strong and weak items, accurately fill the shortcomings of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and ensure the successful conclusion of building a well-off society in an all-round way. "Han Wenxiu said.
Wang Changlin, president of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, believes that China has many advantages and favorable conditions for moving towards a high-quality stage, and at the same time, it is facing some "worries" of growth and happiness. High-quality development is the development that can well meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, the development that embodies the new development concept, the development that innovation becomes the first driving force, coordination becomes the endogenous feature, green becomes the universal form, openness becomes the only way, and sharing becomes the fundamental purpose, that is, the development that pursues a happy life.
Breathe! These data mark a new stage of high quality development.
【 Story 】 On the afternoon of January 7th, the delivery ceremony of the first batch of social car owners of Model3 made in China was held in Tesla Giga Shanghai, which is located in Shanghai’s harbor. On the afternoon of January 7th, one year ago, Tesla Giga Shanghai officially started construction in Lingang Industrial Zone. From a wasteland, the first new car went off the assembly line, and then a batch of new cars went on the market, the construction of Tesla Giga Shanghai exceeded expectations.
Data 1
Break through 1 million — — In 2019, 41,000 foreign-funded enterprises were newly established, with an average of 112 established daily. By the end of last year, the number of foreign-funded enterprises in China had exceeded 1 million, reaching 1,001,377, which was of symbolic significance in the process of utilizing foreign capital and even opening up to the outside world.
Data 2
"Three consecutive rises" — — In 2019, the R&D investment intensity of the top 500 manufacturing enterprises in China was 2.14%, achieving the "three consecutive increases" since 2016. In 2019, there are about 20,000 newly registered enterprises every day, and the number of unicorn enterprises, gazelle enterprises and fortune 500 enterprises is increasing every year, with the number of invention patents per 10,000 population reaching 13.3.
Data 3
The first main body — — In 2019, the proportion of import and export of private enterprises rose to 43.3%, and private enterprises became the largest subject for the first time, of which exports accounted for 51.9%, and more than half of the exports were undertaken by private enterprises.
Qian Keming, Vice Minister of Commerce, pointed out that Shanghai Tesla has created the "China Speed" in less than one year from its establishment to mass production. In 2019, China actually utilized 941.5 billion yuan of foreign capital, an increase of 5.8%, and established more than 40,000 foreign-funded enterprises, maintaining its position as the second largest foreign capital inflow country. There were many large-scale projects, with 834 foreign-funded projects above $100 million, an increase of 15.8%; The structure of foreign capital continued to be optimized, and high-tech industries used 266 billion yuan of foreign capital, up by 25.6%, accounting for 28.3%.
On January 20, 2020, the Global Investment Trend Monitoring Report released by UNCTAD revealed that the global cross-border direct investment (FDI) was 1.39 trillion US dollars last year, down by 1%.
"In 2019, under the conditions of slowing global economic growth, sluggish cross-border investment, increased uncertainty in the international environment, and intensified competition for foreign investment in various countries, China achieved contrarian growth in attracting foreign investment." Zong Changqing, director of the Foreign Investment Department of the Ministry of Commerce, said that the scale of China’s utilization of foreign capital reached a record high last year, ranking first among developing countries and second in the world. Last year, a series of laws, regulations and policies such as the new foreign investment law, 20 regulations on stabilizing foreign investment in the State Council, and the new negative list of foreign investment access were promulgated and implemented continuously, which continuously optimized the business environment and played a "combination boxing" to stabilize foreign investment, effectively stabilizing foreign investment expectations and boosting investment confidence. Samsung, SK Hynix, Corning Display, Caterpillar, Ineos, Panasonic, ExxonMobil and other international manufacturing giants have increased their investment in China, and the actual investment in the whole year exceeded 100 million US dollars. This has played a positive role in promoting China’s supply-side structural reform, making up for the shortcomings of industrial upgrading and increasing the supply of high-quality goods and services.
At present, China’s innovation-driven transformation is accelerating, enterprise innovation activities are becoming increasingly active, and innovation-driven development momentum is dynamic in generate. Structural optimization and upgrading are accelerating, new formats and new models are emerging, and 5G commercialization is officially launched. In the first 11 months of last year, 126,000 base stations have been built, forming hundreds of innovative application scenarios in transportation, medical care and other industries.
In recent years, the whole country has implemented the new development concept, gathering wisdom, strength and energy, and mass entrepreneurship and innovation are surging. New scientific and technological achievements are constantly emerging. Last year, Chang ‘e 4 successfully landed on the back of the moon, Xuelong 2 made its maiden voyage to the South Pole, and the first domestic aircraft carrier was officially installed. In 2019, China ranked 14th in the global innovation index, up 3 places from the previous year. New kinetic energy and new industries grew, and the added value of industrial strategic new industries and high-tech manufacturing industries increased by 8.8% and 8.4% respectively. The retail sales of online goods increased by 19.3%, and digital economy, network economy, platform economy, sharing economy and intelligent economy flourished in China.
Wang Yiming, deputy director of the State Council Development Research Center, said that high-quality development is a development that embodies the new development concept, and it is necessary to achieve a higher level, better structure, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable development. It is necessary to promote "five changes": First, from "quantity catching up" to "quality catching up"; Second, from "scale expansion" to "structural upgrading"; Third, from "factor-driven" to "innovation-driven"; The fourth is to shift from "unbalanced distribution" to "inclusive"; The fifth is to shift from "gray growth" to "green appreciation". To promote the "five transformations", we should open up "six paths", namely, strengthening market functions, upgrading the level of industrial chain, enhancing the original innovation ability, upgrading human capital, promoting green transformation and improving the efficiency of space resource allocation.
